The Effect of Movement Games on the Level of Physical Fitness and Mental Health of Students with Disabilities: Mixed Method
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.02Keywords:
Movement Games, Physical Fitness, Mental Health, Mixed MethodAbstract
Study purpose. This study aims to investigate the effects of movement games as an effort to increase the level of physical fitness and mental health of students with disabilities during COVID-19.
Materials and methods. This study adopted a mixed method. The participants involved in this study were students with disabilities who came from two special schools students with disabilities in Karawang Regency, Indonesia (n=40). Participants were divided into an experimental group who carried out a movement game program (n=20) and a control group (n=20) who followed routine learning without participating in any activities. After implementing the movement game program, 20 participants were interviewed about the experiences, advantages and disadvantages of the movement game program. Quantitative research instruments used muscular strength, muscular endurance and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. Meanwhile, the qualitative research instrument used in-depth interviews for 30 minutes. Analysis of quantitative data used IBM SPSS, and analysis of qualitative data used thematic analysis.
Results. The quantitative study results showed that there was a significant increase in the level of physical fitness and mental health in the experimental group (p<0.05), and no increase was found in the control group (p>0.05). In addition, the qualitative study results showed that the majority of participants acknowledged that the movement game program was a fun method of education and had a positive effectiveness.
Conclusions. After carrying out this research, we confirm that the movement game activity is an education method that has a great effect on the increase in the physical fitness level and mental health of students with disabilities during COVID-19.
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References
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Huang. G. (2022). The effect of aerobic exercise on the mental health of college students. Revista De Psicología Del Deporte (Journal of Sport Psychology), 30(4), 132-139. Retrieved from https://www.rpd-online.com/index.php/rpd/article/view/596
Sokić, J., Popov, S., Dinić, B. M., & Rastović, J. (2021). Effects of Physical Activity and Training Routine on Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Curfew. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(June), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624035
Grubic, N., Badovinac, S., & Johri, A. M. (2020). Student mental health in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for further research and immediate solutions. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(5), 517-518. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020925108
Jumareng, H., Setiawan, E., Asmuddin, A., Rahadian, A., Gazali, N., & Badaruddin, B. (2022). Online Learning for Children with Disabilities During the COVID-19: Investigating Parents’ Perceptions. The Qualitative Report, 27(2), 591-604. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2022.4926
Jumareng, H., Setiawan, E., Patah, I. A., Aryani, M., Asmuddin, & Gani, R. A. (2021). Online learning and platforms favored in physical education class during COVID-19 era: Exploring student’ perceptions. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090102
Patel, K. (2020). Mental health implications of COVID-19 on children with disabilities. Asian Journal of Psychiatry Journal, January. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102273
Gabbett, T., Jenkins, D., & Abernethy, B. (2009). Game-Based Training for Improving Skill and Physical Fitness in Team Sport Athletes. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 4(2), 273-283. https://doi.org/10.1260/174795409788549553
Chou, C. C., Chen, K. C., Huang, M. Y., Tu, H. Y., & Huang, C. J. (2020). Can movement games enhance executive function in overweight children? A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 39(4), 527-535. https://doi.org/10.1123/JTPE.2019-0165
Gani, R. A., Achmad, I. Z., Julianti, R. R., Setiawan, E., Németh, Z., Muzakki, A., Yanti, N., & Habibie, H. (2022). Does the Athletes’ Leg Muscle Power Increase After the Tabata Aquatic Program? Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(1), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.1.08
Wouters, M., Evenhuis, H. M., & Hilgenkamp, T. I. M. (2020). Physical fitness of children and adolescents with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation, 42(18), 2542-2552. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2019.1573932
Gilmore, L., Campbell, M., & Shochet, I. (2022). Adapting Self-Report Measures of Mental Health for Children with Intellectual Disability. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1959687
Xu, C., Yao, M., Kang, M., Duan, G., & Bocalini, D. S. (2020). Improving Physical Fitness of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities through an Adapted Rhythmic Gymnastics Program in China. BioMed Research International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2345607
Polevoy, G. G. (2021). Use of exercise classics in physical education classes for the development of vestibular stability of schoolchildren. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(2), 180-184. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090203
Cocca, A., Verdugo, F. E., Cuenca, L. T. R., & Cocca, M. (2020). Effect of a game-based physical education program on physical fitness and mental health in elementary school children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134883
Gultom, S., Baharuddin, Ampera, D., Fibriasari, H., & Sembiring, N. (2022). Profile of Student Physical Fitness Level of Sports Science Study Program: Relationship between Nutrition Status and Learning Achievement during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(1), 100-112. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.2115
Kusuma, I. K. H. W., Asmawi, M., Hernawan, H., Dlis, F., Widiastuti, W., & Kanca, I. N. (2021). A Study of Learning Physical Fitness Activities Based on Traditional Balinese Sports Games for Students’ Physical Fitness. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(5), 1029-1039. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090525
Kamyuka, D., Carlin, L., McPherson, G., & Misener, L. (2020). Access to Physical Activity and Sport and the Effects of Isolation and Cordon Sanitaire During COVID-19 for People With Disabilities in Scotland and Canada. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2(December), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2020.594501
Kaur, H., Singh, T., Arya, Y. K., & Mittal, S. (2020). Physical Fitness and Exercise During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Enquiry. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(October), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.590172
Liskustyawati, H., Riyadi, S., Sabarini, S. S., Waluyo, W., & Purnomo Shidiq, A. A. (2020). Level of physical fitness of elderly people from 60 to 80 years old during a pandemic COVID-19. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 6(4), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.34142/hsr.2020.06.04.03
Hillyard, M., Sinclair, M., Murphy, M., Casson, K., & Mulligan, C. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on the physical activity and sedentary behaviour levels of pregnant women with gestational diabetes. PLoS ONE, 16(8 August). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254364
Dao, C. T. (2021). Using Movement Games in Physical Education Class to Improve Physical Fitness and Stabilize Vestibule for Children Aged 6 to 7 years. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(6), 1396–1402. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090636
Suarez-Balcazar, Y., Mirza, M., Errisuriz, V. L., Zeng, W., Brown, J. P., Vanegas, S., Heydarian, N., Parra-Medina, D., Morales, P., Torres, H., & Magaña, S. (2021). Impact of covid-19 on the mental health and well-being of latinx caregivers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157971
Yang, Y., Li, Y., & Yu, J. (2022). The influence of personal factors on adolescents’ physical and mental health: from the perspective of sports commitment. Revista De Psicología Del Deporte (Journal of Sport Psychology), 30(4), 96-104. Retrieved from https://www.rpd-online.com/index.php/rpd/article/view/591
Essadek, A., Gressier, F., Robin, M., Shadili, G., Bastien, L., Peronnet, J.-C., Falissard, B., & Rabeyron, T. (2022). Mental health of medical students during the COVID19: Impact of studies years. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, 8, 100318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100318
Sharpe, D., Rajabi, M., Chileshe, C., Joseph, S. M., Sesay, I., Williams, J., & Sait, S. (2021). Mental health and wellbeing implications of the COVID-19 quarantine for disabled and disadvantaged children and young people: evidence from a cross-cultural study in Zambia and Sierra Leone. BMC Psychology, 9(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00583-w
Walton, C., Medhurst, D., Madhavan, G., & Shankar, R. (2022). The Current Provision of Mental Health Services for Individuals with Mild Intellectual Disability: A Scoping Review. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15(1), 49-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1992549
Buckley, N., Glasson, E. J., Chen, W., Epstein, A., Leonard, H., Skoss, R., Jacoby, P., Blackmore, A. M., Srinivasjois, R., Bourke, J., Sanders, R. J., & Downs, J. (2020). Prevalence estimates of mental health problems in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 54(10), 970-984. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004867420924101
Huang. G. (2022). The effect of aerobic exercise on the mental health of college students. Revista De Psicología Del Deporte (Journal of Sport Psychology), 30(4), 132-139. Retrieved from https://www.rpd-online.com/index.php/rpd/article/view/596
Sokić, J., Popov, S., Dinić, B. M., & Rastović, J. (2021). Effects of Physical Activity and Training Routine on Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Curfew. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(June), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.624035
Grubic, N., Badovinac, S., & Johri, A. M. (2020). Student mental health in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for further research and immediate solutions. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(5), 517-518. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020925108
Jumareng, H., Setiawan, E., Asmuddin, A., Rahadian, A., Gazali, N., & Badaruddin, B. (2022). Online Learning for Children with Disabilities During the COVID-19: Investigating Parents’ Perceptions. The Qualitative Report, 27(2), 591-604. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2022.4926
Jumareng, H., Setiawan, E., Patah, I. A., Aryani, M., Asmuddin, & Gani, R. A. (2021). Online learning and platforms favored in physical education class during COVID-19 era: Exploring student’ perceptions. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(1), 11-18. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090102
Patel, K. (2020). Mental health implications of COVID-19 on children with disabilities. Asian Journal of Psychiatry Journal, January. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102273
Gabbett, T., Jenkins, D., & Abernethy, B. (2009). Game-Based Training for Improving Skill and Physical Fitness in Team Sport Athletes. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 4(2), 273-283. https://doi.org/10.1260/174795409788549553
Chou, C. C., Chen, K. C., Huang, M. Y., Tu, H. Y., & Huang, C. J. (2020). Can movement games enhance executive function in overweight children? A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 39(4), 527-535. https://doi.org/10.1123/JTPE.2019-0165
Gani, R. A., Achmad, I. Z., Julianti, R. R., Setiawan, E., Németh, Z., Muzakki, A., Yanti, N., & Habibie, H. (2022). Does the Athletes’ Leg Muscle Power Increase After the Tabata Aquatic Program? Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(1), 56-61. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.1.08
Wouters, M., Evenhuis, H. M., & Hilgenkamp, T. I. M. (2020). Physical fitness of children and adolescents with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities. Disability and Rehabilitation, 42(18), 2542-2552. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2019.1573932
Gilmore, L., Campbell, M., & Shochet, I. (2022). Adapting Self-Report Measures of Mental Health for Children with Intellectual Disability. Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/19315864.2021.1959687
Xu, C., Yao, M., Kang, M., Duan, G., & Bocalini, D. S. (2020). Improving Physical Fitness of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities through an Adapted Rhythmic Gymnastics Program in China. BioMed Research International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2345607
Polevoy, G. G. (2021). Use of exercise classics in physical education classes for the development of vestibular stability of schoolchildren. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(2), 180-184. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090203
Cocca, A., Verdugo, F. E., Cuenca, L. T. R., & Cocca, M. (2020). Effect of a game-based physical education program on physical fitness and mental health in elementary school children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134883
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Published
2022-12-23
How to Cite
Dimyati, A., Setiawan, E., Dewi, R. K., Meirizal, Y., Gani, R. A., Saputro, Y. D., Satrianingsih, B., Winarno, M. E., & Németh, Z. (2022). The Effect of Movement Games on the Level of Physical Fitness and Mental Health of Students with Disabilities: Mixed Method. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(4), 466–472. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.02
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