Discriminant Analysis: Age-Specific Features of Motor Fitness of Girls Aged 7 to 9
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3s.20Keywords:
дівчата 7-9 років, рухова підготовленість, дискримінантний аналізAbstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the age-specific features of the motor fitness of girls aged 7 to 9.
Materials and methods. The study participants were 27 girls aged 7, 40 girls aged 8, and 35 girls aged 9. The children and their parents were informed about all the features of the study and gave their consent to participate in the experiment. The study used such research methods as analysis of scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical observations, motor fitness testing, a probabilistic approach to the assessment of the learning process, and methods of mathematical statistics.
Results. The level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises, the level of development of coordination abilities, endurance and speed strength are those indicators that can be used to assess the motor fitness of girls aged 7 to 9. Attention is drawn to the fact that the level of proficiency in exercises is a key element in the motor fitness of girls. The obtained discriminant functions have statistical significance both in the classification of data and in the determination of the structural features of the motor fitness of girls aged 7 to 9.
Conclusions. The standardized and structure coefficients of the discriminant function indicate that the most important indicators in the motor fitness of girls aged 7 to 9 are the level of general endurance, coordination of movements, relative arm strength and the level of proficiency in gymnastic exercises.
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References
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Ivashchenko, O. (2020). Research Program: Modeling of Motor Abilities Development and Teaching of Schoolchildren. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(1), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.1.05
Marchenko, S., & Satdyiev, B. (2021). Effectiveness of Using Active Games for Strength Development in 10-Year-Old Boys at the Initial Training Stage in Kyokushin Karate. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(1), 84-89. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2021.1.11
Driukov, V., & Marchenko, S. (2021). Factor Model of Selection of 9-Year-Old Girls in Kyokushinkai Karate Section. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 2(3), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2021.3.03
Zymohliad, М., & Marchenko, S. (2021). Gender Peculiarities of Speed Development at the Sports and Health Stage of Training in Kyokushin Karate. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 2(2), 82-90. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2021.2.05
Capio, C. M., Sit, C. H. P., Eguia, K. F., Abernethy, B., & Masters, R. S. W. (2015). Fundamental movement skills training to promote physical activity in children with and without disability: A pilot study. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 4(3), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2014.08.001
Cohen, K. E., Morgan, P. J., Plotnikoff, R. C., Callister, R., & Lubans, D. R. (2014). Fundamental movement skills and physical activity among children living in low-income communities: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-11-49
Cools, W., de Kristine, M., Samaey, C., & Andries, C. (2011). Fundamental movement skill performance of preschool children in relation to family context. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(7), 649-660. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.551540
Iermakov, S., Ivashchenko, O., Khudolii, O., & Chernenko, S. (2020). Strength abilities: Assessment of training effects of strength loads in boys aged 8 years. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(3), 174-181. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.3.07
Ivashchenko, O., Khudolii, O., & Jagiello, W. (2021). Strength abilities: pattern recognition method in the management of the cumulative effect of strength loads in 8-year-old boys. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 25(4), 253-260. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2021.0407
Tkachenko, M. (2020). Peculiarities of Motor Fitness Dynamics of 5th-6th Grade Students During a School Year. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(1), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.1.07
Kharkovshchenko, M. (2022). Didactics: Peculiarities of Programmed Teaching of the Cartwheel to Girls Aged 14 . Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 3(1), 5-10. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2022.1.01
Mugurdinova, I., & Iermakov, S. (2022). Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 14 the Press Headstand and Handstand. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 3(1), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2022.1.02
Siedykh, K., Ivashchenko, O., Bartik, P., & Veremeenko, V. (2022). Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 15 the Press Headstand and Handstand. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 3(1), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2022.1.03
Chang, W.-D., Chou, L.-W., Chang, N.-J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of Functional Movement Screen, Star Excursion Balance Test, and Physical Fitness in Junior Athletes with Different Sports Injury Risk. BioMed Research International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8690540
Lindsey, I. (2020). Analysing policy change and continuity: Physical education and school sport policy in England since 2010. Sport, Education and Society, 25(1), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2018.1547274
Piñeiro-Cossio, J., Fernández-Martínez, A., Nuviala, A., & Pérez-Ordás, R. (2021). Psychological wellbeing in physical education and school sports: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030864
Connolly, S., Carlin, A., Johnston, A., Woods, C., Powell, C., Belton, S., O’brien, W., Saunders, J., Duff, C., Farmer, O., & Murphy, M. (2020). Physical activity, sport and physical education in northern ireland school children: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186849
O’Donnell, C., Sandford, R., & Parker, A. (2020). Physical education, school sport and looked-after-children: Health, wellbeing and educational engagement. Sport, Education and Society, 25(6), 605-617. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2019.1628731
Strotmeyer, A., Kehne, M., & Herrmann, C. (2020). Basic motor competencies: Correlations with sex, age, weight status, extracurricular sports activity and the performance of motor coordination. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 50(1), 82-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-019-00596-z
Ivashchenko, O., Nosko, Y., Bartik, P., & Makanin, O. (2020). Gender-related peculiarities of 7-year-old schoolchildren’s motor fitness. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(4), 228-233. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.4.05
Khudolii, O. M., Ivashchenko, O. V., Iermakov, S. S., Nosko, Yu. M., & Marchenko, S. I. (2019). Strength abilities: Estimation of immediate training effect of strength loads in girls aged 7 years. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 19(2), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2019.2.06
Marchenko, S., Jagiello, W., Iermakov, S., Ivashchenko, O., & Khudolii, O. (2021). Pattern recognition: Modes of teaching boys aged 10 mae-geri (front kick) technique in kyokushin karate. Archives of Budo, 17, 253-261.
Ivashchenko, O., & Sirichenko, D. (2020). Structure of Motor Fitness of 7-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 1(1), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2020.1.03
Khudolii, O., Golovnin, V., & Bartík, P. (2020). Peculiarities of Motor Fitness Structure of 9-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 1(2), 53-57. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2020.2.01
Shevchenko, T., Khudolii, O., & Potop, V. (2020). Motor Skills in Physical Fitness Structure of 8-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 1(2), 64-69. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2020.2.03
Ha, A. S., Lonsdale, C., Lubans, D. R., & Ng, J. Y. Y. (2017). Increasing students’ physical activity during school physical education: rationale and protocol for the SELF-FIT cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4553-8
Da Silva Gasparotto, G., Bichels, A., do Prado Szeremeta, T., Vagetti, G. C., & de Oliveira, V. (2020). High school students’ academic performance associated with psychological aspects, body practices and physical activity. Journal of Physical Education (Maringa), 31(1). https://doi.org/10.4025/JPHYSEDUC.V31I1.3137
Ruiz, J. R., Castro-Piñero, J., España-Romero, V., Artero, E. G., Ortega, F. B., Cuenca, M. M., Jimenez-Pavón, D., Chillón, P., Girela-Rejón, M. J., Mora, J., Gutiérrez, Á., Suni, J., Sjöström, M., & Castillo, M. J. (2011). Field-based fitness assessment in young people: the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(6), 518. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.075341
Brusseau, T. A., & Burns, R. D. (2018). Physical Activity, Health-Related Fitness, and Classroom Behavior in Children: A Discriminant Function Analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 89(4), 411-417. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2018.1519521
Courel-Ibáñez, J., Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J., Gómez-Mármol, A., Valero-Valenzuela, A., & Moreno-Murcia, J. A. (2019). The moderating role of sportsmanship and violent attitudes on social and personal responsibility in adolescents. A clustering-classification approach. PLoS ONE, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211933
Fridolfsson, J., Arvidsson, D., Andersen, L. B., Thorsson, O., Wollmer, P., Rosengren, B., Karlsson, M. K., & Dencker, M. (2021). Physical activity spectrum discriminant analysis—A method to compare detailed patterns between groups. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 31(12), 2333-2342. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14052
Janjic, B., Smajic, M., Tomic, B., & Jaksic, M. (2018). Differences in repetitive strength and strength of kicking a ball between soccer players U14 and children who are not involved in Soccer. Sport Mont, 16(3), 81-84. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.181014
Nesen, O. (2022). Development of speed and strength abilities of children aged 12-13 years in physical education classes in the COVID-19 pandemic. Pedagogy of Health, 1(1), 4-10. https://doi.org/10.15561/health.2022.0101
Ivashchenko, O. (2020). Research Program: Modeling of Motor Abilities Development and Teaching of Schoolchildren. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(1), 32-41. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.1.05
Marchenko, S., & Satdyiev, B. (2021). Effectiveness of Using Active Games for Strength Development in 10-Year-Old Boys at the Initial Training Stage in Kyokushin Karate. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(1), 84-89. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2021.1.11
Driukov, V., & Marchenko, S. (2021). Factor Model of Selection of 9-Year-Old Girls in Kyokushinkai Karate Section. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 2(3), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2021.3.03
Zymohliad, М., & Marchenko, S. (2021). Gender Peculiarities of Speed Development at the Sports and Health Stage of Training in Kyokushin Karate. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 2(2), 82-90. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2021.2.05
Capio, C. M., Sit, C. H. P., Eguia, K. F., Abernethy, B., & Masters, R. S. W. (2015). Fundamental movement skills training to promote physical activity in children with and without disability: A pilot study. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 4(3), 235-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2014.08.001
Cohen, K. E., Morgan, P. J., Plotnikoff, R. C., Callister, R., & Lubans, D. R. (2014). Fundamental movement skills and physical activity among children living in low-income communities: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-11-49
Cools, W., de Kristine, M., Samaey, C., & Andries, C. (2011). Fundamental movement skill performance of preschool children in relation to family context. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(7), 649-660. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.551540
Iermakov, S., Ivashchenko, O., Khudolii, O., & Chernenko, S. (2020). Strength abilities: Assessment of training effects of strength loads in boys aged 8 years. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(3), 174-181. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.3.07
Ivashchenko, O., Khudolii, O., & Jagiello, W. (2021). Strength abilities: pattern recognition method in the management of the cumulative effect of strength loads in 8-year-old boys. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 25(4), 253-260. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2021.0407
Tkachenko, M. (2020). Peculiarities of Motor Fitness Dynamics of 5th-6th Grade Students During a School Year. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(1), 49-55. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.1.07
Kharkovshchenko, M. (2022). Didactics: Peculiarities of Programmed Teaching of the Cartwheel to Girls Aged 14 . Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 3(1), 5-10. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2022.1.01
Mugurdinova, I., & Iermakov, S. (2022). Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 14 the Press Headstand and Handstand. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 3(1), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2022.1.02
Siedykh, K., Ivashchenko, O., Bartik, P., & Veremeenko, V. (2022). Pattern Recognition: Effectiveness of Teaching Boys Aged 15 the Press Headstand and Handstand. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 3(1), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2022.1.03
Chang, W.-D., Chou, L.-W., Chang, N.-J., & Chen, S. (2020). Comparison of Functional Movement Screen, Star Excursion Balance Test, and Physical Fitness in Junior Athletes with Different Sports Injury Risk. BioMed Research International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8690540
Lindsey, I. (2020). Analysing policy change and continuity: Physical education and school sport policy in England since 2010. Sport, Education and Society, 25(1), 27-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2018.1547274
Piñeiro-Cossio, J., Fernández-Martínez, A., Nuviala, A., & Pérez-Ordás, R. (2021). Psychological wellbeing in physical education and school sports: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030864
Connolly, S., Carlin, A., Johnston, A., Woods, C., Powell, C., Belton, S., O’brien, W., Saunders, J., Duff, C., Farmer, O., & Murphy, M. (2020). Physical activity, sport and physical education in northern ireland school children: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186849
O’Donnell, C., Sandford, R., & Parker, A. (2020). Physical education, school sport and looked-after-children: Health, wellbeing and educational engagement. Sport, Education and Society, 25(6), 605-617. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2019.1628731
Strotmeyer, A., Kehne, M., & Herrmann, C. (2020). Basic motor competencies: Correlations with sex, age, weight status, extracurricular sports activity and the performance of motor coordination. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research, 50(1), 82-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-019-00596-z
Ivashchenko, O., Nosko, Y., Bartik, P., & Makanin, O. (2020). Gender-related peculiarities of 7-year-old schoolchildren’s motor fitness. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(4), 228-233. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.4.05
Khudolii, O. M., Ivashchenko, O. V., Iermakov, S. S., Nosko, Yu. M., & Marchenko, S. I. (2019). Strength abilities: Estimation of immediate training effect of strength loads in girls aged 7 years. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 19(2), 98-104. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2019.2.06
Marchenko, S., Jagiello, W., Iermakov, S., Ivashchenko, O., & Khudolii, O. (2021). Pattern recognition: Modes of teaching boys aged 10 mae-geri (front kick) technique in kyokushin karate. Archives of Budo, 17, 253-261.
Ivashchenko, O., & Sirichenko, D. (2020). Structure of Motor Fitness of 7-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 1(1), 20-25. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2020.1.03
Khudolii, O., Golovnin, V., & Bartík, P. (2020). Peculiarities of Motor Fitness Structure of 9-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 1(2), 53-57. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2020.2.01
Shevchenko, T., Khudolii, O., & Potop, V. (2020). Motor Skills in Physical Fitness Structure of 8-Year-Old Girls. Journal of Learning Theory and Methodology, 1(2), 64-69. https://doi.org/10.17309/jltm.2020.2.03
Ha, A. S., Lonsdale, C., Lubans, D. R., & Ng, J. Y. Y. (2017). Increasing students’ physical activity during school physical education: rationale and protocol for the SELF-FIT cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4553-8
Da Silva Gasparotto, G., Bichels, A., do Prado Szeremeta, T., Vagetti, G. C., & de Oliveira, V. (2020). High school students’ academic performance associated with psychological aspects, body practices and physical activity. Journal of Physical Education (Maringa), 31(1). https://doi.org/10.4025/JPHYSEDUC.V31I1.3137
Ruiz, J. R., Castro-Piñero, J., España-Romero, V., Artero, E. G., Ortega, F. B., Cuenca, M. M., Jimenez-Pavón, D., Chillón, P., Girela-Rejón, M. J., Mora, J., Gutiérrez, Á., Suni, J., Sjöström, M., & Castillo, M. J. (2011). Field-based fitness assessment in young people: the ALPHA health-related fitness test battery for children and adolescents. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(6), 518. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.075341
Brusseau, T. A., & Burns, R. D. (2018). Physical Activity, Health-Related Fitness, and Classroom Behavior in Children: A Discriminant Function Analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 89(4), 411-417. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2018.1519521
Courel-Ibáñez, J., Sánchez-Alcaraz, B. J., Gómez-Mármol, A., Valero-Valenzuela, A., & Moreno-Murcia, J. A. (2019). The moderating role of sportsmanship and violent attitudes on social and personal responsibility in adolescents. A clustering-classification approach. PLoS ONE, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211933
Fridolfsson, J., Arvidsson, D., Andersen, L. B., Thorsson, O., Wollmer, P., Rosengren, B., Karlsson, M. K., & Dencker, M. (2021). Physical activity spectrum discriminant analysis—A method to compare detailed patterns between groups. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 31(12), 2333-2342. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14052
Janjic, B., Smajic, M., Tomic, B., & Jaksic, M. (2018). Differences in repetitive strength and strength of kicking a ball between soccer players U14 and children who are not involved in Soccer. Sport Mont, 16(3), 81-84. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.181014
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Published
2022-11-30
How to Cite
Kruglov, V., & Khudolii, O. (2022). Discriminant Analysis: Age-Specific Features of Motor Fitness of Girls Aged 7 to 9. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3s), S142-S147. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3s.20
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