Assessing the Effect of Traditional Games on Manipulative Movements in Elementary School Students Based on Gender
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.3.13Keywords:
traditional games, manipulative movement, elementary school, children’s gamesAbstract
Background. Manipulative movements are essential for children’s development, which can be found in traditional games, representing manifestation of local wisdom that has been passed down from generation to generation.
Objectives. This study aimed to examine the effect of traditional games on the manipulative movements of elementary school students based on gender.
Materials and methods. This experimental study comprised two pretest-posttest groups without control variables. Data collection on pretest and posttest was carried out using three types of tests, namely throwing, catching, and kicking. A total of 60 students aged between 9 and 12 years were selected to participate in this study. The sample consisted of 30 male students (height 140.21±6.2 cm, and weight 35.77±5.6 kg), and 30 female students (height 138.4±6.8 cm and weight 34±4.1 kg).
Results. The t-test analysis showed that the test results for male students were as follows: throwing 0.011<0.05, catching 0.007<0.05, and kicking 0.003<0.05. Then, the test results for the female students were: throwing 0.013<0.05, catching 0.017<0.05, and kicking 0.012<0.05. The results of the independent t-test indicated that the throwing, catching, and kicking tests revealed a statistical significance (p < 0.05) in both male and female students.
Conclusions. The implementation of traditional games has been found to enhance the manipulative movements of elementary school students, as evidenced by positive changes observed in the pretest and posttest results. The improvement was achieved, among others, through the adaptation of traditional games following the characteristics of students’ development. Therefore, the conceptualization of physical learning within the framework of traditional games proved to be applicable and practical.
Downloads
References
Samodra, Y. T. J., Suryadi, D., Wati, I. D. P., Supriatna, E., Santika, I. G. P. N. A., Suganda, M. A., & Dewi, P. C. P. (2023). Analysis of gross motoric analysis of elementary school students: A comparative study of students in hill and coastal areas. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(2), 139-145. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0206 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0206
Siregar, N. M., Sari, E. F. N., Budiningsih, M., & Zulham. (2021). The basic learning model of traditional motion based games for early childhood (5-6) years. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(1), 81-88. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090111
Sunanto, Asmara, B., Himawan, A., & Purwoto, S. P. (2022). Survey Of Basic Movement Skills In Elementary School Students In The Midst Of The Covid-19 Pandemic. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), S12-S20. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3s.02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3s.02
Setyawan, F. B., Susanto, B. H., Sulistiantoro, D., & Setiawan, E. (2024). The Effectiveness of Manipulative Motion Skills Development through Game Activities in Elementary School Students Aged 10-12 Years. Retos, 52, 219-224. https://doi.org/10.47197/RETOS.V52.102040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.102040
Afifah Maulidiyyah, A. N., & Purwoko, B. (2023). The Important Role of Traditional Games in Enchancing Children’s Gross Motor: Literature Review. Education and Human Development Journal, 8(3), 89-98. https://doi.org/10.33086/ehdj.v8i3.4567 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33086/ehdj.v8i3.4567
Yılmaz, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2023). Children’s social problem-solving skills in playing videogames and traditional games: A systematic review. Education and Information Technologies, 28(9), 11679-11712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11663-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11663-2
Samsudin, Gani, R. A., Setiawan, E., Németh, Z., Kardiyanto, D. W., & Winarno, M. E. (2022). Increasing Physical Activity And Fundamental Movement Skills Of Primary School Students During The Covid-19 Through Exergame. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(4), 459-465. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.01
Hartanto, D., Kusmaedi, N., Ma’mun, A., & Abduljabar, B. (2021). Integrating social skills in traditional games with physical education interventions. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(5), 921-928. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090513 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090513
Mujriah, Siswantoyo, Sukoco, P., Rosa, F. O., Susanto, E., & Setiawan, E. (2022). Traditional Sport Model To Improve Fundamental Movement Skills And Social Attitudes Of Students During Covid-19. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), 309-315. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.02
Septianto, I., Sumaryanti, S., Nasrulloh, A., Sulistiyono, S., Nugraha, H., Ali, M., Ramadhani, A. M., Dewantara, J., Haniyyah, N., Fauzi, F., Suryadi, D., Ardian, R., & Subarjo, S. (2024). Traditional games for physical fitness: an experimental study on elementary school students. Retos, 54, 122-128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.104177 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.104177
Anggraini, D., Widiyono, A., & Efendi, A. (2023). Positive impact analysis of kasti traditional games on social interactions of elementary school. Journal Of Sport Education (JOPE), 5(2), 81. https://doi.org/10.31258/jope.5.2.81-90 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31258/jope.5.2.81-90
Mensa, A. A., Sarpong, C., Kubi, F. N., & Donkor, O. (2023). Akan Traditional Games: An Indispensable Tool in Ghanaian Language Classroom in Respect to Classroom Interaction. Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities, 3(4), 69-75. https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.4.9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.4.9
Rejeki, H. S., Humaedi, H., & Ardiansyah, A. (2022). Developing Manipulative Basic Movement Learning Model Based on Traditional Games in Elementary Schools. Al-Ta Lim Journal, 29(1), 78-83. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v29i1.667 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v29i1.667
Nasution, A. F., Tarigan, F. N., & Tanjung, Y. T. (2022). Traditional Games In Improving Learning Outcomes Of Squat Style Long Jump In Elementary School Students. Journal Physical Education, Health and Recreation, 7(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.24114/pjkr.v7i1.39046 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/pjkr.v7i1.39046
Hafeez, M. (2022). Effects of game-based learning in comparison to traditional learning to provide an effective learning environment—A comparative review. Contemporary Educational Researches Journal, 12(2), 89–105. https://doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v12i2.6374 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18844/cerj.v12i2.6374
Milenia, R., & Nurharini, A. (2024). Interactive Media Articulate Storyline to Improving Students’ Learning Outcomes on Traditional Engklek Games Material. Journal of Education Technology, 7(4), 707-714. https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v7i4.69268 DOI: https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v7i4.69268
Wibowo, A. T., Sukarmin, Y., Purwanto, S., & Iwandana, D. T. (2023). Physical activities traditional games and javanese culture of particularly Wayang Kulit. Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 9(1), 8-18. https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2023.09.01.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.34142/HSR.2023.09.01.01
Kusuma, I. K. H. W., Asmawi, M., Hernawan, H., Dlis, F., Widiastuti, W., & Kanca, I. N. (2021). A Study of Learning Physical Fitness Activities Based on Traditional Balinese Sports Games for Students’ Physical Fitness. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.09052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090525
Suryadi, D., Nasrulloh, A., Yanti, N., Ramli, R., Fauzan, L. A., Kushartanti, B. W., Sumaryanti, S., Suhartini, B., Budayati, E. S., Arovah, N. I., Mashud, M., Suganda, M. A., Sumaryanto, S., Sutapa, P., Abdullah, N. M. bin, & Fauziah, E. (2024). Stimulation of motor skills through game models in early childhood and elementary school students: systematic review in Indonesia. Retos, 51, 1255-1261. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101743 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101743
Suherman, W. S., Dapan, D., Guntur, G., & Muktiani, N. R. (2019). Development of a traditional children game based instructional model to optimize kindergarteners’fundamental motor skill. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan,38(2), 356-365. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.25289 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v38i2.25289
Harianto, E., Gustian, U., Supriatna, E., Shalaby, M. N., & Taiar, R. (2023). Stimulating game performance skills in students: experimental studies using net games. Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research, 1(2), 63-70. https://doi.org/10.26418/tajor.v1i2.65009
Gustian, U. (2021). Effectiveness of Traditional Games In Stimulating Elementary School Student Motor Skill Development. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga, 6(1), 75-80. https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v6i1.27026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v6i1.27026
Tandon, P. S., Tovar, A., Jayasuriya, A. T., Welker, E., Schober, D. J., Copeland, K., Dev, D. A., Murriel, A. L., Amso, D., & Ward, D. S. (2016). The relationship between physical activity and diet and young children’s cognitive development: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine Reports, 3, 379-390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.04.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.04.003
Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M. L., Hall, K. D., Gortmaker, S. L., Swinburn, B. A., James, W. P. T., Wang, Y., & McPherson, K. (2015). Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture. The Lancet, 385(9986), 2510-2520. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61746-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61746-3
Stodden, D. F., Langendorfer, S. J., Fleisig, G. S., & Andrews, J. R. (2006). Kinematic constraints associated with the acqui-sition of overarm throwing part I: Step and trunk actions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 77(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2006.10599377 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2006.10599377
Johnson, J. L., Rudisill, M. E., Hastie, P. A., & Sassi, J. (2019). The influence of guided practice on overhand throwing com-petence in preschool children in a mastery motivational cli-mate. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1123/JMLD.2018-0005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2018-0005
Maselli, A., Dhawan, A., Russo, M., Cesqui, B., Lacquaniti, F., & d’Avella, A. (2019). A whole body characterization of in-dividual strategies, gender differences, and common styles in overarm throwing. Journal of Neurophysiology, 122(6). https://doi.org/10.1152/JN.00011.2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00011.2019
Chi, W.-H. (2010). Training Effects of Different Approaching Steps on Overarm Throwing Performance for Boys Aged 7-12 Years. Sports & Exercise Research, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1201.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1201.002
Mashud, M., Arifin, S., Warni, H., Samodra, Y. T. J., Yosika, G. F., Basuki, S., Suryadi, D., & Suyudi, I. (2024). Physical Fitness: Effects of active lifestyle internalization through phys-ical literacy awarenes based project. Retos, 51, 1299–1308. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101662 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101662
Rubiyatno, Perdana, R. P., Fallo, I. S., Arifin, Z., Nusri, A., Suryadi, D., Suganda, M. A., & Fauziah, E. (2023). Analysis of differences in physical fitness levels of extracurricular futsal students: Survey studies on urban and rural environments. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(3), 208-214. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0304 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0304
Suryadi, D., Suganda, M. A., Sacko, M., Samodra, Y. T. J., Ru-biyatno, R., Supriatna, E., Wati, I. D. P., & Okilanda, A. (2023). Comparative Analysis of Soccer and Futsal Extracur-riculars: A Survey Study of Physical Fitness Profiles. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 2(1), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v2i1.182 DOI: https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v2i1.182
Hermassi, S., Chelly, M. S., Michalsik, L. B., Sanal, N. E. M., Hayes, L. D. & Cadenas-Sanchez, C. (2021). Relationship between fatness, physical fitness, and academic performance in normal weight and overweight schoolchild handball players in Qatar State. PLoS ONE, 16(2 February 2021). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246476 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246476
Drost, D. K., Brown, K., Wirth, C. K., & Greska, E. K. (2015). Teaching Elementary-age Youth Catching Skills Using Theo-retically Based Motor-development Strategies. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 86(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2014.978420 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2014.978420
Wagner, M. O., Haibach, P. S., & Lieberman, L. J. (2013). Gross motor skill performance in children with and without visual impairments-Research to practice. Research in Develop-mental Disabilities, 34(10), 3246-3252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.030
Dirksen, T., De Lussanet, M. H. E., Zentgraf, K., Slupinski, L., & Wagner, H. (2016). Increased throwing accuracy improves children’s catching performance in a ball-catching task from the movement assessment battery (MABC-2). Frontiers in Psychology, 7(JUL). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01122 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01122
Syväoja, H. J., Kankaanpää, A., Hakonen, H., Inkinen, V., Kulmala, J., Joensuu, L., Räsänen, P., Hillman, C. H., & Tammelin, T. H. (2021). How physical activity, fitness, and motor skills contribute to math performance: Working memory as a mediating factor. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 31(12), 2310-2321. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14049 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14049
Huhtiniemi, M., Sääkslahti, A., Tolvanen, A., Lubans, D. R., & Jaakkola, T. (2023). A scalable school-based intervention to increase early adolescents’ motor competence and health-re-lated fitness. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 33(10), 2046-2057. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14410 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14410
Navarro-Patón, R., Brito-Ballester, J., Villa, S. P., Anaya, V., & Mecías-Calvo, M. (2021). Changes in motor competence af-ter a brief physical education intervention program in 4 and 5-year-old preschool children. International Journal of Environ-mental Research and Public Health, 18(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094988 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094988
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nugroho Puji Santoso, Subagyo, Nurhadi Santoso, Trisnar Adi Prabowo, Wahyu Dwi Yulianto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
