The Effect of 10 Weeks Game Experience Learning (Gel) Based Training on Teamwork, Respect Attitude, Skill and Physical Ability in Young Football Players
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2021.2.11Keywords:
training, games experience learning, youth football playerAbstract
This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the games experience learning-based training against teamwork, respect attitude, skills, and physical ability of young footballers.
Materials and methods. Participants consisted of young male football players who had participated in matches at the district, provincial and national levels. The number of participants involved amounted to 46 divided into control and intervention groups of 23 parties each. Footballers aged 10-12 years old have a height of 140.98 ± 7.23 cm, an average body weight of 34.33 ± 8.64 kg. Instruments in this study consist of instruments to measure teamwork and respect attitude in the form of expert validated observation rubrics, passing, and dribbling skill tests, 30-meter sprints, vertical jumps, and multistage fitness tests to measure physical ability of speed, leg power, and aerobic endurance.
Results. Descriptive data showed mean values and standard deviations of control and intervention groups there were differences, the intervention group had a mean value and better deviation standards, while the hypothesis test using the Mann-Whitney test obtained a teamwork attitude score of 0.039 <0.05; respect attitude of 0.009 <0.05; passing skills of 0.039 <0.05; dribbling skills of 0.000 <0.05; speed ability of 0.004 <0.05; leg power of 0.002 <0.05; Endurance of 0.020 <0.05. That from the significance value of the control and intervention group (p < 0.05) it can be concluded that the variables of teamwork, respect attitude, passing, dribbling, speed, power, and endurance on the posttest value are not the same and the average value of all variables descriptively the intervention group has a higher average value.
Conclusions. There is a significant influence statistical analysis on teamwork, respect attitude, skill techniques, and physical ability for young football players thus training with the game experience learning model can be one solution to improve the performance of youth football.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Schroepf, B., & Lames, M. (2018). Career patterns in German football youth national teams – A longitudinal study. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 13(3), 405-414. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954117729368
Balyi, I., & Way, R. (2014). Long-term athlete development. In Choice Reviews Online, 51(09). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-5081
Khudolii, O., Ivashchenko, O., Iermakov, S., Veremeenko, V., & Lopatiev, A. (2019). Motor Abilities: Identification of Development Level in Boys Aged 12-14. Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 19(3), 139-147. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2019.3.05
Kavussanu, M., & Spray, C. M. (2006). Contextual influences on moral functioning of male youth footballers. Sport Psychologist, 20(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.20.1.1
Harwood, C. (2008). Developmental Consulting in a Professional Football Academy: The 5Cs Coaching Efficacy Program. The Sport Psychologist, 22(1), 109-133. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.22.1.109 10.1123/tsp.22.1.109
Gilbert, W. D., Gilbert, J. N., & Trudel, P. (2001). Coaching Strategies for Youth Sports: Part 1: Athlete Behavior and Athlete Performance. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 72(4), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2001.10605736
Henry, I. (2013). Athlete development, athlete rights and athlete welfare: A European Union perspective. International Journal of the History of Sport, 30(4), 356-373. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2013.765721
Hyballa, P., & te Poel, H. D. (2015). Modernes Passspiel: Der Schlüssel zum High-Speed-Fußball. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.
Bangsbo, J. (2014). Physiological demands of football. Sports Science Exchange, 27(125), 1-6.
Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). Match performance of high-standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(7), 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000071182
Rampinini, E., Coutts, A. J., Castagna, C., Sassi, R., & Impellizzeri, F. M. (2007). Variation in Top Level Soccer Match Performance. Int J Sports Med, 28(12), 1018-1024. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-965158
Bangsbo, J. (2008) Aerobic and Anaerobic training in soccer: with special emphasis on train ing of youth players. Fitness training in soccer I. Bagsvaerd: Ho & Storm
Bradley, P. S., Sheldon, W., Wooster, B., Olsen, P., Boanas, P., & Krustrup, P. (2009). High-intensity running in English FA Premier League soccer matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802512775
Gonçalves, C. E., e Silva, M. J. C., Cruz, J., Torregrosa, M., & Cumming, S. (2010). The effect of achievement goals on moral attitudes in young athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 9(4), 605.
Khudolii, O., Kapkan, O., Harkusha, S., Marchenko, S., & Veremeenko, V. (2020). Motor Skills Development: Optimization of Teaching Boys Aged 15 Press Headstand and Handstand. Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 20(1), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.1.06
Malone, M. K., & Lorimer, R. (2020). The Importance of Shared Understanding within Football Teams. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 11(3), 196-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2020.1760982
McEwan, D., Ruissen, G. R., Eys, M. A., Zumbo, B. D., & Beauchamp, M. R. (2017). The effectiveness of teamwork training on teamwork behaviors and team performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled interventions. PloS one, 12(1), e0169604. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169604
Feigean, M., R’Kiouak, M., Seiler, R., & Bourbousson, J. (2018). Achieving teamwork in naturalistic sport settings: An exploratory qualitative study of informational resources supporting football players’ activity when coordinating with others. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 38, 154-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.06.008
Wang, C. (2020). Study on the Evaluation Index of Youth Football Skill Learning. Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Management, Economy and Law (ICMEL 2020), 320-323. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201111.054
Rello Pambudi, Y., & Widiyanto, M. (2019). Football Skills: Training Methods and Motor Educability. 330(Iceri 2018), 322-325. https://doi.org/10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.78
Doewes, R. I., Purnama, S., Syaifullah, R., & Nuryadin, I. (2020). The effect of small sided games training method on football basic skills of dribbling and passing in indonesian players aged 10-12 years. Int J Adv Sci Technol, 29(3), 429-441.
Romeas, T., Guldner, A., & Faubert, J. (2016). 3D-Multiple Object Tracking training task improves passing decision-making accuracy in soccer players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.06.002
Dewangga Yudhistira, T. (2020). Content Validity of Agility Test in Karate Kumite Category. Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 8(5), 211-216. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2020.080508
McKinney, J., Velghe, J., Fee, J., Isserow, S., & Drezner, J. A. (2019). Defining Athletes and Exercisers. American Journal of Cardiology, 123(3), 532-535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.11.001
Fradua, L., Zubillaga, A., Caro, Ó., Iván Fernández-García, Á., Ruiz-Ruiz, C., & Tenga, A. (2013). Designing small-sided games for training tactical aspects in soccer: Extrapolating pitch sizes from full-size professional matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(6), 573-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.746722
Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Coutts, A. J. (2011). Physiology of small-sided games training in soccer: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.2165/11539740-000000000-00000
Reilly, T. (2005). An ergonomics model of the soccer training process. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23, 561-572
Ben Khalifa, W., Zouaoui, M., Zghibi, M., & Azaiez, F. (2021). Effects of Verbal Interactions between Students on Skill Development, Game Performance and Game Involvement in Soccer Learning. Sustainability, 13(1), 160. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010160
Lehane, L. (2020). Experiential Learning. David A. Kolb. In Science Education in Theory and Practice (pp. 241-257). Springer, Cham.
Wilson, J. P., & Beard, C. (2013). Experiential learning: A handbook for education, training and coaching. Kogan Page Publishers.
Reynolds, M., & Vince, R. (Eds.). (2007). Handbook of experiential learning and management education. Oxford University Press.
Arsoy, A. Özad. (2005). The experimental learning cycle in visual design. The Turkish Online Journal of Education Tecnology, 3(2), 1-7.
Eugster, M. J. A. (2012). Performance profiles based on archetypal athletes. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 12(1), 166-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2012.11868592
Liu, H., Yi, Q., Giménez, J. V., Gómez, M. A., & Lago-Peñas, C. (2015). Performance profiles of football teams in the UEFA champions league considering situational efficiency. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(1), 371-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868799
Collins, J., & Durand-Bush, N. (2019). The Optimal Team Functioning Model: A Grounded Theory Framework to Guide Teamwork in Curling. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 31(4), 405-426. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2018.1512536
Gaffney, P. (2015). The nature and meaning of teamwork. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, 42(1), 1-22.
Meiners, K. M., & Wisdom, C. M. (2020). Advancing interpersonal, interprofessional, and clinical skills: Teamwork through training collegiate athletes. Journal of Allied Health, 49(2), E105-E108.
Utari, A. P., & Sulandari, S. (2019). Respectful Attitude on Adolescents to Elderly.
Akbar, A., & Hastjarjo, T. D. (2019). Kohesivitas Tim dan Sikap terhadap Kepemimpinan Wasit sebagai Prediktor Kecenderungan Perilaku Agresif Pemain Sepakbola. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 4(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.45402
Yavuz, C. (2019). The relationships among attitude towards sports, loneliness and happiness in adolescents. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(3), 790-796. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2019.070319
Goksel, A. G., CAZ, Ç., Yazici , Ö. F., & Ikilzer , H. C. (2017). Comparison of Attitudes of Students From Different Departments Towards Sport: the Model of Marmara University. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 123-123. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.322783
Haugen, T., Säfvenbom, R., & Ommundsen, Y. (2013). Sport participation and loneliness in adolescents: The mediating role of perceived social competence. Current Psychology, 32(2), 203-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-013-9174-5
Vaidya, A.S. (2020). Different Techniques And Benefits of Football. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 7(1), 37-39
Van Kooten, G. C. (2016). Re-Considering Long-Term Athlete Development on Coach Education: An Illustration from Judo. International Sport Coaching Journal, 3(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2015-0058
Lilić, A., Stanković, N., Joksimović, M., Hadžović, M., Skrypchenko, I., & Mušović, A. (2020). The importance of corners in the tactical preparation of professional footballers. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 6(7).
Lloyd, R. S., & Oliver, J. L. (2012). The youth physical development model: A new approach to long-term athletic development. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(3), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0b013e31825760ea
Balyi, I., & Way, R. (2014). Long-term athlete development. In Choice Reviews Online, 51(09). https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.51-5081
Khudolii, O., Ivashchenko, O., Iermakov, S., Veremeenko, V., & Lopatiev, A. (2019). Motor Abilities: Identification of Development Level in Boys Aged 12-14. Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 19(3), 139-147. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2019.3.05
Kavussanu, M., & Spray, C. M. (2006). Contextual influences on moral functioning of male youth footballers. Sport Psychologist, 20(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.20.1.1
Harwood, C. (2008). Developmental Consulting in a Professional Football Academy: The 5Cs Coaching Efficacy Program. The Sport Psychologist, 22(1), 109-133. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.22.1.109 10.1123/tsp.22.1.109
Gilbert, W. D., Gilbert, J. N., & Trudel, P. (2001). Coaching Strategies for Youth Sports: Part 1: Athlete Behavior and Athlete Performance. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 72(4), 29-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2001.10605736
Henry, I. (2013). Athlete development, athlete rights and athlete welfare: A European Union perspective. International Journal of the History of Sport, 30(4), 356-373. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2013.765721
Hyballa, P., & te Poel, H. D. (2015). Modernes Passspiel: Der Schlüssel zum High-Speed-Fußball. Meyer & Meyer Verlag.
Bangsbo, J. (2014). Physiological demands of football. Sports Science Exchange, 27(125), 1-6.
Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2003). Match performance of high-standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(7), 519-528. https://doi.org/10.1080/0264041031000071182
Rampinini, E., Coutts, A. J., Castagna, C., Sassi, R., & Impellizzeri, F. M. (2007). Variation in Top Level Soccer Match Performance. Int J Sports Med, 28(12), 1018-1024. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-965158
Bangsbo, J. (2008) Aerobic and Anaerobic training in soccer: with special emphasis on train ing of youth players. Fitness training in soccer I. Bagsvaerd: Ho & Storm
Bradley, P. S., Sheldon, W., Wooster, B., Olsen, P., Boanas, P., & Krustrup, P. (2009). High-intensity running in English FA Premier League soccer matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 27(2), 159-168. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410802512775
Gonçalves, C. E., e Silva, M. J. C., Cruz, J., Torregrosa, M., & Cumming, S. (2010). The effect of achievement goals on moral attitudes in young athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 9(4), 605.
Khudolii, O., Kapkan, O., Harkusha, S., Marchenko, S., & Veremeenko, V. (2020). Motor Skills Development: Optimization of Teaching Boys Aged 15 Press Headstand and Handstand. Teorìâ ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 20(1), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.1.06
Malone, M. K., & Lorimer, R. (2020). The Importance of Shared Understanding within Football Teams. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 11(3), 196-210. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2020.1760982
McEwan, D., Ruissen, G. R., Eys, M. A., Zumbo, B. D., & Beauchamp, M. R. (2017). The effectiveness of teamwork training on teamwork behaviors and team performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled interventions. PloS one, 12(1), e0169604. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169604
Feigean, M., R’Kiouak, M., Seiler, R., & Bourbousson, J. (2018). Achieving teamwork in naturalistic sport settings: An exploratory qualitative study of informational resources supporting football players’ activity when coordinating with others. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 38, 154-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.06.008
Wang, C. (2020). Study on the Evaluation Index of Youth Football Skill Learning. Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Management, Economy and Law (ICMEL 2020), 320-323. https://doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.201111.054
Rello Pambudi, Y., & Widiyanto, M. (2019). Football Skills: Training Methods and Motor Educability. 330(Iceri 2018), 322-325. https://doi.org/10.2991/yishpess-cois-18.2018.78
Doewes, R. I., Purnama, S., Syaifullah, R., & Nuryadin, I. (2020). The effect of small sided games training method on football basic skills of dribbling and passing in indonesian players aged 10-12 years. Int J Adv Sci Technol, 29(3), 429-441.
Romeas, T., Guldner, A., & Faubert, J. (2016). 3D-Multiple Object Tracking training task improves passing decision-making accuracy in soccer players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 22, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.06.002
Dewangga Yudhistira, T. (2020). Content Validity of Agility Test in Karate Kumite Category. Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 8(5), 211-216. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2020.080508
McKinney, J., Velghe, J., Fee, J., Isserow, S., & Drezner, J. A. (2019). Defining Athletes and Exercisers. American Journal of Cardiology, 123(3), 532-535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.11.001
Fradua, L., Zubillaga, A., Caro, Ó., Iván Fernández-García, Á., Ruiz-Ruiz, C., & Tenga, A. (2013). Designing small-sided games for training tactical aspects in soccer: Extrapolating pitch sizes from full-size professional matches. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(6), 573-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.746722
Hill-Haas, S. V., Dawson, B., Impellizzeri, F. M., & Coutts, A. J. (2011). Physiology of small-sided games training in soccer: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 41(3), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.2165/11539740-000000000-00000
Reilly, T. (2005). An ergonomics model of the soccer training process. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23, 561-572
Ben Khalifa, W., Zouaoui, M., Zghibi, M., & Azaiez, F. (2021). Effects of Verbal Interactions between Students on Skill Development, Game Performance and Game Involvement in Soccer Learning. Sustainability, 13(1), 160. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010160
Lehane, L. (2020). Experiential Learning. David A. Kolb. In Science Education in Theory and Practice (pp. 241-257). Springer, Cham.
Wilson, J. P., & Beard, C. (2013). Experiential learning: A handbook for education, training and coaching. Kogan Page Publishers.
Reynolds, M., & Vince, R. (Eds.). (2007). Handbook of experiential learning and management education. Oxford University Press.
Arsoy, A. Özad. (2005). The experimental learning cycle in visual design. The Turkish Online Journal of Education Tecnology, 3(2), 1-7.
Eugster, M. J. A. (2012). Performance profiles based on archetypal athletes. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 12(1), 166-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2012.11868592
Liu, H., Yi, Q., Giménez, J. V., Gómez, M. A., & Lago-Peñas, C. (2015). Performance profiles of football teams in the UEFA champions league considering situational efficiency. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 15(1), 371-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868799
Collins, J., & Durand-Bush, N. (2019). The Optimal Team Functioning Model: A Grounded Theory Framework to Guide Teamwork in Curling. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 31(4), 405-426. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2018.1512536
Gaffney, P. (2015). The nature and meaning of teamwork. Journal of the Philosophy of Sport, 42(1), 1-22.
Meiners, K. M., & Wisdom, C. M. (2020). Advancing interpersonal, interprofessional, and clinical skills: Teamwork through training collegiate athletes. Journal of Allied Health, 49(2), E105-E108.
Utari, A. P., & Sulandari, S. (2019). Respectful Attitude on Adolescents to Elderly.
Akbar, A., & Hastjarjo, T. D. (2019). Kohesivitas Tim dan Sikap terhadap Kepemimpinan Wasit sebagai Prediktor Kecenderungan Perilaku Agresif Pemain Sepakbola. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 4(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.45402
Yavuz, C. (2019). The relationships among attitude towards sports, loneliness and happiness in adolescents. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(3), 790-796. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2019.070319
Goksel, A. G., CAZ, Ç., Yazici , Ö. F., & Ikilzer , H. C. (2017). Comparison of Attitudes of Students From Different Departments Towards Sport: the Model of Marmara University. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 123-123. https://doi.org/10.17155/omuspd.322783
Haugen, T., Säfvenbom, R., & Ommundsen, Y. (2013). Sport participation and loneliness in adolescents: The mediating role of perceived social competence. Current Psychology, 32(2), 203-216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-013-9174-5
Vaidya, A.S. (2020). Different Techniques And Benefits of Football. Aayushi International Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 7(1), 37-39
Van Kooten, G. C. (2016). Re-Considering Long-Term Athlete Development on Coach Education: An Illustration from Judo. International Sport Coaching Journal, 3(1), 83-89. https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2015-0058
Lilić, A., Stanković, N., Joksimović, M., Hadžović, M., Skrypchenko, I., & Mušović, A. (2020). The importance of corners in the tactical preparation of professional footballers. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 6(7).
Lloyd, R. S., & Oliver, J. L. (2012). The youth physical development model: A new approach to long-term athletic development. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(3), 61-72. https://doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0b013e31825760ea
Downloads
Published
2021-06-25
How to Cite
Sulistiyono, S., Akhiruyanto, A., Primasoni, N., Arjuna, F., Santoso, N., & Yudhistira, D. (2021). The Effect of 10 Weeks Game Experience Learning (Gel) Based Training on Teamwork, Respect Attitude, Skill and Physical Ability in Young Football Players. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(2), 173–179. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2021.2.11
Issue
Section
Original Scientific Articles
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
