Basic Locomotor Learning Model: New Approach Using Small Games Competition in Elementary School
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.12Keywords:
Basic Locomotor, Elementary School, Learning Model, Small GamesAbstract
Study purpose. Physical education, sports and health for elementary school students are oriented to learning locomotor movements, so learning these skills requires fun activities, such as games. This research aims to develop a basic locomotor learning model based on a small game competition for elementary school students.
Materials and methods. This study used a research and development approach using ADDIE model. This research was carried out in three elementary schools, namely: Elementary school 22 Gelumbang, Elementary school 11 Gelumbang and Elementary school 2 Lembak. Data were collected using observation, interview, questionnaire, and test. The questionnaire instrument used in this study was the Guttman scale questionnaire because of using the Guttman scale. Expert judgments were used to analyze the product.
Results. The model can be applied in all elementary schools in the territory of Indonesia because product development has referred to competencies and learning outcomes in the 2013 curriculum. There are four types of games that have been developed for learning locomotor skills, namely 1) jump rope game, 2) watch out for crocodiles, 3) continuous running game, and 4) box jump game. Each game has different locomotor skill movements, including walk, run, slide, leap, gallop, skip, jump, and hop. Based on the effectiveness aspect, the results of the product trial show that the ‘wary crocodile game’ is a game that is in great demand and favored by students.
Conclusions. The locomotor skills learning model for elementary school students based on small game competitions has been feasible and effective for use in sports and health physical education classes. This model can also be applied in all elementary schools in the territory of Indonesia because product development has referred to competencies and learning outcomes in the 2013 curriculum.
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References
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Roslan, N. A. A., & Abdullah, B. (2020). Differences in the level of children gross motor skills development in silat, taekwondo and karate in malaysia. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 8(2), 57–62. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2020.080202
Carson Sackett, S., & Edwards, E. S. (2019). Relationships among motor skill, perceived self-competence, fitness, and physical activity in young adults. Human Movement Science, 66, 209-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2019.04.015
Hartati, Destriani, & Yusfi, H. (2019). The Integrative Thematic Learning Model Guidance in Science Subjects to Improve Student Elementary School. https://doi.org/10.2991/ESIC-18.2019.24
Silva, R. C. A., e Silva, V. L. de F. F., & Silva, A. P. (2019). Distance learning for teaching in physical education. Motriz. Revista de Educacao Fisica, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-6574201900010002
Montero-Carretero, C., & Cervelló, E. (2020). Teaching Styles in Physical Education: A New Approach to Predicting Resilience and Bullying. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/IJERPH17010076
Hartati, H., Destriana, D., Aryanti, S., & Destriani, D. (2018). Macro Flash-based Multimediafor Improvement The Learning Result of Volleyball Game. Proceedings of the International Conference on Teacher Training and Education 2018 (ICTTE 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/ictte-18.2018.41
Ayubi, N., & Komaini, A. (2021). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children ’ s Motor Skills (Literature Review). International Journal Research Publications, 90(1), 66-70.
Komaini, A., Hidayat, H., Ganefri, Alnedra, Kiram, Y., Gusril, & Mario, D. T. (2021). Motor Learning Measuring Tools: A Design and Implementation Using Sensor Technology for Preschool Education. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (IJIM), 15(17), 177-191. https://doi.org/10.3991/IJIM.V15I17.25321
Dapp, L. C., Gashaj, V., & Roebers, C. M. (2021). Physical activity and motor skills in children: A differentiated approach. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 54, 101916. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PSYCHSPORT.2021.101916
Reviana, N., Matin, M. F., & Nurdianingsih, F. (2021). The students’ interes t in learning four basic english skills through instagram application. Jurnal Pendidikan Edutama.
Hernawan, H., Sukarya, Y., & Solahuddin, S. (2019). Locomotor basic motion learning model based on traditional game for basic school students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1318(1), 012047. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1318/1/012047
Jaakkola, T., Hakonen, H., Kankaanpää, A., Joensuu, L., Kulmala, J., Kallio, J., Watt, A., & Tammelin, T. H. (2019). Longitudinal associations of fundamental movement skills with objectively measured physical activity and sedentariness during school transition from primary to lower secondary school. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22(1), 85-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.07.012
de Bruijn, A. G. M., Kostons, D. D. N. M., van der Fels, I. M. J., Visscher, C., Oosterlaan, J., Hartman, E., & Bosker, R. J. (2019). Importance of aerobic fitness and fundamental motor skills for academic achievement. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 43, 200-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.02.011
Grissmer, D., Grimm, K. J., Aiyer, S. M., Murrah, W. M., & Steele, J. S. (2010). Fine motor skills and early comprehension of the world: Two new school readiness indicators. Developmental Psychology, 46(5), 1008-1017. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0020104
Logan, S. W., Kipling Webster, E., Getchell, N., Pfeiffer, K. A., & Robinson, L. E. (2015). Relationship Between Fundamental Motor Skill Competence and Physical Activity During Childhood and Adolescence: A Systematic Review. Kinesiology Review, 4(4), 416-426. https://doi.org/10.1123/kr.2013-0012
Cohen, K. E., Morgan, P. J., Plotnikoff, R. C., Callister, R., & Lubans, D. R. (2014). Fundamental movement skills and physical activity among children living in low-income communities: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-11-49
Han, A., Fu, A., Cobley, S., & Sanders, R. H. (2018). Effectiveness of exercise intervention on improving fundamental movement skills and motor coordination in overweight/obese children and adolescents: A systematic review. In Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21(1), 89-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.001
Webster, E. K., Martin, C. K., & Staiano, A. E. (2019). Fundamental motor skills, screen-time, and physical activity in preschoolers. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 8(2), 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2018.11.006
Hardy, L. L., King, L., Farrell, L., Macniven, R., & Howlett, S. (2010). Fundamental movement skills among Australian preschool children. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13(5), 503-508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2009.05.010
Bryant, E. S., Duncan, M. J., & Birch, S. L. (2014). Fundamental movement skills and weight status in British primary school children. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(7), 730-736. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2013.870232
Shams, A., Hardy, L. L., Vameghi, R., Loovis, E. M., & Shamsipour Dehkordi, P. (2021). Prevalence of fundamental movement skill proficiency among Iranian children aged 2.5–14 years. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 24(1), 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2020.09.014
Gandotra, A., Kotyuk, E., Szekely, A., Kasos, K., Csirmaz, L., & Cserjesi, R. (2020). Fundamental movement skills in children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 78, 101632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101632
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Research, educational planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson Education.
Gall, M. D., Gall, J. P., & Borg, W. R. (2010). Educational research an Introduction seventh Edition. WIley.
Branch, R. M. (2010). Instructional Design: The ADDIE Approach, 1-203. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09506-6
Faizah, U., Zuchdi, D., & Alsamiri, Y. (2019). An authentic assessment model to assess kindergarten students’ character. REID (Research and Evaluation in Education), 5(2), 103-119. https://doi.org/10.21831/REID.V5I2.24588
Harvey, C., Selmanović, E., O’Connor, J., & Chahin, M. (2021). A comparison between expert and beginner learning for motor skill development in a virtual reality serious game. Visual Computer, 37(1), 3-17. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00371-019-01702-W/FIGURES/19
Hanief, Y. N. (2021). Bibliometric Analysis of Jurnal SPORTIF: Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran. Jurnal SPORTIF: Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran.
Rodríguez Mantilla, J. M., & Fernández Díaz, M. J. (2015). Design and validation of a climate measurment instrument in secondary schools. Educación XXI. https://doi.org/10.5944/educxx1.18.1.12312
Irfandi, I., & Rahmat, Z. (2016). Tingkat kebugaran jasmani (the physical fitness) mahasiswa penjaskesrek angkatan 2016-2017 stkip bina bangsa getsempena banda aceh. In Penjaskesrek Journal, 3(2). Govt. Print. Off.
Palmizal, A., Pujianto, D., Nurkadri, & Laksana, A. A. N. P. (2020). Development of a Creative Gymnastics Model to Improve Basic Locomotor Movements for Students in Elementary School. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 8(6A), 78-84. https://doi.org/10.13189/SAJ.2020.080714
Nurjanah, N. E., & Wahyuseptiana, Y. I. (2018). The aplication of playing based on reggio emilia’s approach to stimulate early childhood creativity. Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.20961/SHES.V1I1.23600
Awalludin Nugraha, Y., Handoyo, E., & Sulistyorini, S. (2018). Traditional Game on The Social Skill of Students in The Social Science Learning of Elementary School Article Info. Journal of Primary Education JPE, 7(2), 220–227. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v7i2.23475
Oboeuf, A., Hanneton, S., Buffet, J., Fantoni, C., & Labiadh, L. (2020). Influence of Traditional Sporting Games on the Development of Creative Skills in Team Sports. The Case of Football. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.611803
Roslan, N. A. A., & Abdullah, B. (2020). Differences in the level of children gross motor skills development in silat, taekwondo and karate in malaysia. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 8(2), 57–62. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2020.080202
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Published
2022-12-23
How to Cite
Hartati, H., Kusnanik, N. W., Hardiyono, B., & Yardinal, Y. (2022). Basic Locomotor Learning Model: New Approach Using Small Games Competition in Elementary School. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(4), 537–543. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.12
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