Applying Resisted Sprint Protocols for Acceleration Improvement in Team Sports: Evidence from a Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2025.4.29Keywords:
resisted sprinting, sled training, force–velocity profiling, acceleration, team sportsAbstract
Background. In team sports, decisive actions such as anticipating opponents’ scheme executions and realizing game objectives depend on the ability to accelerate rapidly and maintain high speeds, often under external resistance and during changes of direction. Resisted sprint training has been proposed to simulate these conditions and to enhance the sprint-specific neuromuscular qualities required in competitive settings.
Objectives. This study aimed to critically examine, through a systematic approach, the various methodologies of resisted sprinting (sled training, motorized systems) applied in team sports, in order to acquire practical recommendations to optimize acceleration velocity and explosive power.
Materials and methods. A PRISMA-guided literature review was performed on Scopus (2020–2025) using the keywords “resisted sprinting”, “sled training” and “sprint with overload”. After screening 103 records and assessing 56 full-text articles, 14 studies (13 original research articles and 1 meta-analysis) were included based on language, article type and relevance to the topic.
Results. According to the results obtained, it has been determined that protocols employing sled resistance corresponding to a 50 % velocity decrement or loads of approximately 10–13 % of body mass led to significant improvements in acceleration over 5-30 m, horizontal force production and maximal power output. Profiling tools (e.g., the 1080 Sprint system) proved valid and reliable, while force–velocity profiling revealed load-specific adaptations that support individualized loading based on athlete role, age and sport discipline.
Conclusions. The findings suggest that resisted sprint training is effective in improving acceleration and neuromuscular power in team sports. Optimal outcomes depend on precise load calibration, the use of valid profiling instruments, and personalized programming tailored to the specific needs of athletes and their disciplines.
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