Impact of New Living Environment on Reactive Stress Tolerance in Preadolescent Sports Trainees of Jharkhand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2023.1.10Keywords:
Reactive stress tolerance, family type, family size, birth order, family monthly income, housing location, preadolescent sportsperson, JharkhandAbstract
Study purpose. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of background experience related to family demography on the selected parameters of reactive stress tolerance in athletes who strictly lived in a training academy for a minimum of two years.
Materials and methods. A total of 200 male sports cadets were chosen by the Jharkhand State Sports Promotion Society in Ranchi, with chronological age ranging from 11 to 14 years and 4 years of training. The demographic information (the size of the family, the type of family, the order of birth, the family monthly income, and the location of the home) were considered as independent variables. Stress tolerance parameters (PR correct, PR incorrect, PR omitted, and median reaction time) were chosen as dependent variables. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine data normality, while Levene's test was used to determine homogeneity. The Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to draw comparisons. For post-hoc comparison, Dunn's test with Holm correction was employed. The threshold for significance was set at p = 0.05.
Results. The percentile rank of correct responses (p = 0.005) and median reaction time (p = 0.033) related to birth orders showed significant results. Other factors related to family information and reactive stress tolerance were not significant.
Conclusions. According to the findings, it was concluded that being in new environment for a long duration reduced the early living experience related to family demography but effect of birth order still continued.
Downloads
References
Donoghue, P. O. (2010). Performance analysis research. In P. O. Donoghue, Research Methods For Sports Research Methods For Sports (pp. 3-17). Oxon: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203878309-8
Chahal, A., Ghildyal, S., & Chahal, V. (2012). Predicting excellence in basketball: anthropometric and physiological attributes in elite Indian female players. International quarterly of sport science, 1, 1-9.
Pahan, M. K., & Singh, M. K. (2021). A comparative study of cognitive abilities among tribal and non-tribal young athletes of Jharkhand. 21st Biennial Conference of International Society for Comparative (p. 104). Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Raglin, J. S. (2001). Psychological factors in sport performance. Sports Med, 875-890. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200131120-00004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200131120-00004
Hanton, S., Fletcher, D., & Coughlan, G. (2005). Stress in elite sport performers: a comparative study of competitive and organizational stressors. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(10), 129-1141. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500131480 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500131480
Kristiansen, E., & Roberts, G. C. (2010). Young elite athletes and social support: Coping with competitive and organizational stress in “Olympic” competition. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 20(4), 686-695. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00950.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00950.x
Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2007). A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers. The Sport Psychologist, 21, 243-264. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.21.2.243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.21.2.243
Craft, L. L., Magyar, T. M., Becker, B. J., & Feltz, D. L. (2003). The relationship between the competitive state anxiety inventory-2 and sport performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 25(1), 44-65. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.459.4342&rep=rep1&type=pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.25.1.44
Anshel, M. H., & Anderson, D. I. (2002). Coping with acute stress in sport: Linking athletes’ coping style, coping strategies, affect, and motor performance. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 15(2), 193–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800290028486 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800290028486
Patmore, A. (1986). Sportsmen under stress. London:: Stanley Paul.
Sheldon, H., Thomas, O., & Mellalieu, S. D. (2009). Management of competitive stress in elite sport. In B. W. Brewer, Sport Psychology (pp. 30-42). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.
Krohne, H. W., & Hindel, C. (1988). Trait anxiety, state anxiety, and coping behavior as predictors of athletic performance. Anxiety Research, 1(3), 225-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/08917778808248721 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08917778808248721
Anshel, M. H., Kim, K. W., Kim, B. H., Chang, K., & Eom, H. J. (2001). A model for coping with stressful events in sport: theory, application, and future directions. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 32(1), 43-75. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283961469_A_model_for_coping_with_stressful_events_in_sport_Theory_application_and_future_directions
Singh, R. (2017). Stress role in sports performance of athletes. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 4(3), 278-280. https://www.kheljournal.com/archives/2017/vol4issue3/PartE/4-3-81-391.pdf
Singh, N., & Pardhi, L. H. (2021). Comparative study on psychological fitness of Punjab University athlete and non-athlete. International Journal of Yogic, Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 6(1), 91-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/yogic.2021.v6.i1b.1119
Parveen, G. (2013). Anxiety levels and gender differences in Indian University Athletes. Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research, 2(8), 26-30. https://www.theyogicjournal.com/pdf/2021/vol6issue1/PartB/6-1-36-799.pdf
Assefa, G. A. (2014). Pre-competition anxiety between ale and female student-athletes of Jimma University: a multi-dimensional Approach. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 4(12), 42-53.
Malik, R., & Singh, V. (2015). A study of competitive anxiety between male and female archers of different achievement level. An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 5(9), 30-36. https://saarj.com/wp-content/images/2017/10/ACADEMICIA-SEPTEMBER-2015-ABSTRACT-PDF.pdf
Bawa, H. S. (2010). Personality hardiness, burnout and sport competition anxiety among athletics and wrestling coaches. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44, i57-i58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.078725.193 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.078725.193
Acharya, A. (2017). Analysis of achievement goal orientation and coping strategies, among the university athletes. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 4(2), 13-15. https://www.kheljournal.com/archives/2017/vol4issue2/PartA/4-1-76-124.pdf
Abhaydev, C. S., Bhukar, J., & Thapa, R. K. (2020). Effects of IAAF Kid’s Athletics Programme on Psychological and Motor Abilities of Sedentary School Going Children. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 20(4), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.4.06 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.4.06
Schuhfried, G. (2016). Manual determination test (Version 41- Revision 5). In G. Schuhfried, Vienna Test System Manual (pp. 5-6). Austria.
Xu, H., Ostbye, T., Vorderstrasse, A. A., Dupre, M. E., & Wu, B. (2018). Place of residence and cognitive function among the adult population in India. Neuroepidemiology, 50(1), 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1159/000486596 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000486596
Sengupta, P., Benjamin, B. I., Singh, Y., & Grover, A. (2014). Prevalence and correlates of cognitive impairment in a north Indian elderly population. WHO South-East Asia journal of public health, 3(2), 135-143. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329735/seajphv3n2p135.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/2224-3151.206729
Kaushal, S., & Singh, C. K. (2021). Home stimulation and cognitive abilities of disadvantaged children. Journal of Scientific Research, 65(1), 76-82. https://www.bhu.ac.in/research_pub/jsr/Volumes/JSR_65_04_2021/13.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.37398/JSR.2021.650413
Chandrashekarappa, S. M., Krishna, M., Krupp, K., Jaykrishna, P., Urs, C. V., Goswami, S. P., et al. (2020). Size at birth and cognitive function among rural adolescents: a life course epidemiology study protocol of the Kisalaya cohort in Mysuru, South India. BMJ Paediatr Open, 4(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmjpo-2020-000789 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000789
Mani, A., Mullainathan, S., Shafir, E., & Zhao, J. (2013). Poverty impedes cognitive function. Science, 341(6149), 976-980. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1238041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1238041
Kamphuis, C. B., Lenthe, F. J., Giskes, K., Huisman, M., Brug, J., & Mackenbach, J. P. (2008). Socioeconomic status, environmental and individual factors, and sports participation. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 40(1), 71-81. https://10.1249/mss.0b013e318158e467 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e318158e467
Verma, S., & Verma, R. (2016). Sports by Choice or by Socio-Economic Status. Research Journal of Physical Education Sciences, 4(3), 1-11.
Wani, R. T. (2019). Socioeconomic status scales-modified Kuppuswamy and Udai Pareekh’s scale updated for 2019. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 8(6), 1846-1849. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6618222/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_288_19
IGNOU. (2010). Development During Adolescence. In IGNOU, Developmental Psychology (p. 5). New Delhi: IGNOU.
Allen, B., & Waterman, H. (2019, 03, 28). Stages of Adolescence. Retrieved 01 2022, 07, from Healthy Children: https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/Pages/Stages-of-Adolescence.aspx
Thompson, P. J. (2009). Developing the athlete. In P. J. Thompson, Introduction to Coaching: The Official IAAF Guide to Coaching Athletics (pp. 43-61). Lincolnshire, United Kingdom: Warners Midlands plc.
Facer-Childs, E. R., Boiling, S., & Balanos, G. M. (2018). The effects of time of day and chronotype on cognitive and physical performance in healthy volunteers. Sports Medicine - Open, 4(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0162-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0162-z
Polit, D. F. (1982). Family size and child development. Draper Fund Rep, 11, 19-22.
Dandes, H. M., & Dow, D. (1969). Relation of intelligence to family size and density. Child Development, 40(2), 641-645. https://doi.org/10.2307/1127431 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1127431
Blake, J. (1981). Family size and the quality of children. Demography, 18(4), 421-442. https://doi.org/10.2307/2060941 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060941
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Manohar Kumar Pahan, Vikrant Malhan, Yendrembam Nepoleon

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

