Effects of Tai Chi and Resistance Band Training on Elderly’s Balance and Strength
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.11Keywords:
tai chi, resistance band training, balance, strength, elderlyAbstract
Study purpose. The research aimed to study the effects of tai chi and resistance band training on elderly’s balance and strength.
Materials and methods. The participants were 40 elderly females aged 62 to 76. They were selected by systematic random sampling, using balance score as the criterion. They were divided into two equal groups of 20 people each, namely, the Tai Chi and resistance band training (TCR) experimental group was trained for 8 weeks, 3 days a week for 60 minutes each day, and the control group (C) was not trained. The participants volunteered to sign the consent forms to participate in this research. Quantitative data was collected by measuring balance, hand muscle strength, and leg muscle strength. Qualitative data was collected via interviews and participant observation.
Results. The research found that (1) balance, hand muscle strength, and leg muscle strength were no different before the training. Post-training of Tai Chi and resistance band trainings (TCR) of the 4th and the 8th weeks, the experimental group had the mean of balance, hand muscle strength, and leg muscle strength better than the pre-training and the differences between the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant (p<0.05). (2) The experimental group had balance, strength, good flexibility, relaxed body and good mental health.
Conclusions. As regards the benefits to the physical fitness, tai chi and resistance band training (TCR) and combination exercise improve balance, hand muscle strength and leg muscle strength. This makes the elderly have good health and physical fitness.
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References
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Sun-Young, H., & Yun-Hee, S. (2021). The effect of scapular strengthening exercise using elastic band on balance and quality of life in the old people. Journal of Exercise and Rehabilitation, 17(3), 214-219. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2142222.111
Brow, M., Sinacore, D. R., Binder, E. F., & Kohrt, W. M. (2000). Physical and performance measures for the identifacoatin of mild to moderate frailty. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Science and Medical Science, 55, 350-355. http://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/55.6.M350
Bechshoft, R. L., Reitelseder, S., Hojfeldt, G., Cartro-Mejia, J. L., Khakimov, B., Ahmad, H. F., Kjaer, M., Engelsen, S. B., Johansen, S. M., Rasmussen, M. A., Lassen A. J., Jensen, T., Beyer, N., Serena, A., Perez-Cueto, F. J., Nielsen, D. S., Jespersen, A. P., & Holm, L. (2016). Counteracting age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass: a clinical and ethnological trial on the role of protein supplementation and trining load (CALM Intervention Study): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trial, 17, 397. http://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1520-0
Scott, D., Daly, R. M., Sanders , K. M., & Ebeling, P. R. (2015). Fall and fracture risk sarcopenia and dynapenia with and without obesity: the role of lifestyle intervention. Current Osteoporosis, 13, 235-244, http://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-015-0274-z
Ngandu, T., Lehtisalo, J., Solomon, A., Levälahti, E., Ahtiluoto, S., Antikainen, R., Bäckman, L., Hänninen, T., Jula, A., Laatikainen, T., Lindström, J., Mangialasche, F., Paajanen, T., Pajala, S., Peltonen, M., Rauramaa, R., Stigsdotter-Neely, A., Strandberg, T., Tuomilehto, J., … Kivipelto, M. (2015). A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): A randomised controlled trial. The Lancet, 385(9984), 2255–2263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60461-5
Graham, A., & Reid, G. (2000). Physical fitness of adults with an intellectual disability: a 13-year follow-up study. Research Quarterly Exercise and Sport, 71, 152-161. http://doi.org.10.1080/02701367.2000.10608893
Hick, A. L., Martin, K. A., Ditor, D. S., Latimer, A. E., Creven, C., Bugaresti, J., & McCartney, N. (2003). Long-term exercise training in persons with spinal cord injury: effects on strength, arm ergometry performance and psychological well-being. Spinal Cord, 41, 34-43. http://doi.org.10.1308/sj.sc.3101389
Sang-Wan, J., & Ji-Youn, K. (2020). An exploration of the knowledge structure in studies on old people physical activities in Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation: by semantic network analysis. Journal od Exercise Rehabilitation, 16(1), 69-77. http://doi.org.10.12965/jer2040010.005
Van Roie, E., Delecluse, C., Opdenacker, J., De Bock, K., Kennis, E., & Boen, F. (2010). Effectiveness of a lifestyle physical activity versus a structured exercise intervention in older adults. Journal of Aging Physical Activity, 18, 335-352. http://doi.org.10.1123/japa.18.3.335
Sun-Young, H., & Yun-Hee, S. (2021). The effect of scapular strengthening exercise using elastic band on balance and quality of life in the old people. Journal of Exercise and Rehabilitation, 17(3), 214-219. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2142222.111
Acree, L. S., Longfors, J., Fjeldstad, A. S., Fjeldstad, C., Schank, B., Nickel, K. J., & Montromery, P. S. (2006). Physical activity is related to quality of life in older adults. Health and Ouality of Life Outcome, 4, 37. http://doi.org/10.1187/1477-7525-4-37
Atlantis, E., Chow, C. M., Kirby, A., & Singh, M. F. (2004). An effective exercise-based intervention for improving mental health and quality of life measures: a ramdomized controlled trial. Preventive Medicine, 39, 424-434. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.02.007
Daskapan, A., Tuzun, E. H., & Eker, L. (2005). Relationshop between physical activity level and health related quality of life among university students. Saudi Medical Journal, 26, 1026-1028.
Lida, H., Elham, K., Farshad, S., Reza, N., Amir-Hossrin, M., & Elham, N. (2018). Tai Chi Chuan can improve balance and reduce fear of falling in community dwelling older adults: a randomized control trial. Journal of Exercse Rehabilitation, 14(6), 1024-1031. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.1836488.244
Larkey, L., Jahnke, R., Etnier, J., & Gonzalez, J. (2009). Meditative movement as a category of exercise: implications for research. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 230-238. http://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.6.2.230
Tsang, H. W., Mok, C. K., Au, Yeung, Y. T., & Chan, S. Y. (2003). The effect of Qigong on general and psychosocial health of elderly with chronic physical illnesses: a randomized clinical trial. International Journal of Geriatric Phychiatry, 18, 441-449. http://doi.org/10.1002/gps.861
Wolf, S. L., Barnhart, H. X., Kutner, N. G., McNeely, E., Coogler, C., & Xu, T. (1996). Reducing frailty and fall in older person: an investigation of Tai Chi and computerized balance training. Atlanta FICSIT. Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques, Journal of The American Geriatrics Society, 44, 489-497. http://doi.org/10.1111/j1532-5415.1996.tb01432
Klarod, K., Singsanan, S., Thamwiriyasati, N., Ladawan, S., Luangpon, N., Boonsiri, P., & Burtscher, M. (2020). Effects of Qigong exercise on muscle strength and oxidative stress/antioxidant responses in young sedentary females: a quasi-expermental study. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 16(5), 418-426. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2040620.310
Hu, Y. N., Chung, Y. J., Chen, Y. C., Tsai, C. T., & Hu, G. C. (2016). Effect of Tai Chi exercise on fall prevention in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. International Journal Gerontology, 10, 131-136. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2016.06.002
Lan, C., Chen, S.-Y., Lai, J.-S., & Wong, A. M.-K. (2013). Tai Chi Chuan in Medicine and Health Promotion. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/502131
Logghe, I. H., Verhagen, A. P., Rademaker, A. C., Bierma-Zeinstra, S. M., van Rossum, E., Faber, M. J., & Koes, B. W. (2010). The effects of Tai Chi on fall prevention, fear of falling and balance in older people: a meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine, 51, 222-227. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.06.003
Vikas, S., Tenzing, N. B., Mahendra, K. S., & Nibu, R. K. (2022). Effect of vinyasa training on dynamic body balance of male national level yoga players. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(1), 43-47. http://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.1.06
Nontakhod, K., Promlak, J., Mangkool, S., Injandee, S., Mhoksantia, K., Thobson, S., Changakram, S., & Kaythaisong, N. (2022). Effect of physical activities training and massage on the physical fitness of elderly people. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), 407-413. http://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.16
Bird, S. P., Tarpenning, K. M., & Marino, F. E. (2005). Designing resistance training programmes to enhance muscular fitness: a review of the acute programme variable. Sports Medicine, 35, 841-851, http://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535100-00002
Winett, R. A., & Carinelli, R. N. (2001). Potential health-related benefits of resistance training. Preventive Medicine, 33, 503-513. http://doi.org./10.1006/pmed.2001.0909
Daniel, H. (2020). Acute effects of high-volume compared to low-volume resistance exercise on lung function. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 16(5), 450-457. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2040656.328
Lopes, J. S. S., Machado, A. F., Micheletti, J. K., de Almeida, A. C., Cavina, A. P., & Pastre, C. M. (2019). Effects of training with elastic resistance versus conventional resistance of muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Medicine, 7, 2050312119831116. http://doi.org/10.1177/2050312119831116
Kim, M., Kuruma, H., & Thawisuk, C. (2021). The use of elastic band exercise as a physical therapy intervention of improving shoulder function in older adults: a scoping review. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation, 17(5), 313-318. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2142574.287
De Oliveira, P. A., Blasczyk, J. C., Souza, G. J., Lagoa, K. F., Soares, M., De oliveira, R. J., Filho, P. J. B. G., Carregaro, R. L., & Martins, W. R. (2017). Effects of elastic training exercise on muscle strength and functional performance in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 14, 317-327. http://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0415
Minijoon, K., Hironobu, K., & Thawisuk, C. (2022). Effectiveness of elongation band exercise on the upper limb strength and range of motion among older adults. Journal of Exercise and Rehabilitation, 18(2), 110-116. http://doi.org/10.12965/jer.2244080.040
Nontakhod, K., Promlak, J., Mangkool, S., Injandee, S., Mhoksantia, K., Thobson, S., Changakram, S., & Kaythaisong, N. (2022). Effect of physical activities training with massages on the physical fitness of elderly people. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), 407-413. http://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.16
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2022-12-23
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Nontakhod, K., Chuaibunchum, J., Klaharn, C., & Phunsang, N. (2022). Effects of Tai Chi and Resistance Band Training on Elderly’s Balance and Strength. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(4), 530–536. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.4.11
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