Resting Heart Rate and Cardiovascular Endurance of Provincial Cricketers and Middle-Distance Runners: an Observation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3s.18Keywords:
heart rate variability, time domain analysis, VO₂max, Polar, Yo-Yo testAbstract
Resting heart rate is a reliable biomarker for measuring fitness in terms of cardiovascular health as well as analyzing an athlete’s recovery.
The study purpose was to explore the resting heart rate and cardiovascular endurance of the cricketers and middle-distance runners of West Bengal.
Materials and methods. Forty male sub-elite athletes with a mean age of 19.8±2.4 years, height of 1.66±0.05 m, and body mass of 55.5±7.0 kg were randomly selected and categorized as cricketers (20) and middle-distance runners (20). Five-minute RR intervals were recorded during a resting state in the supine position using a Polar V800 smart watch along with a Polar H10 chest strap and a Polar H7 heart rate sensor. Cardiovascular endurance (predicted VO2max) was measured using the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test Level 1.
Results. Mean resting heart rate, SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50, and predicted VO2max of cricketers and middle-distance runners have been found to be 57.2±5.9 bpm, 53.5±26.6 ms, 68.4±36.8 ms, 40.9±23.2%, and 48.4±1.7 ml/kg/min and 61.7±7.3 bpm, 47.0±18.8 ms, 59.2±27.3 ms 32.4±20.9%, and 49.0±2.2 ml/kg/min, respectively. No significant difference was observed in time domain parameters and predicted VO2max, but a significant difference (p=0.033) was observed in resting heart rate of two groups. A significant negative (r= -0.62, p=<0.001) association has been observed between resting heart rate and predicted VO2max.
Conclusions. The low resting heart rate of the cricketers may possibly have come from higher training load borne by the young players. Based on the players’ predicted VO2max, it looks like having good cardiovascular fitness is just as important in modern cricket as it is in middle-distance running.
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References
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Manna, I., Khanna, G., & Dhara, P. (2009). Training induced changes on physiological and biochemical variables of young Indian field hockey players. Biology of Sport, 26(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.890173
Baggish, A. L., & Wood, M. J. (2011). Athlete’s Heart and Cardiovascular Care of the Athlete: Scientific and Clinical Update. Circulation, 123(23), 2723-2735. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.981571
Nes, B. M., Janszky, I., Wisløff, U., Støylen, A., & Karlsen, T. (2013). Age-predicted maximal heart rate in healthy subjects: The HUNT Fitness Study: Maximal heart rate in a population. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 23(6), 697-704. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01445.x
Olshansky, B., Ricci, F., & Fedorowski, A. (2022). Importance of resting heart rate. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, S1050173822000731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2022.05.006
Jensen‐Urstad, K., Saltin, B., Ericson, M., Storck, N., & Jensen‐Urstad, M. (1997). Pronounced resting bradycardia in male elite runners is associated with high heart rate variability. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 7(5), 274-278. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9338944/ https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00152.x
Rexhepi, A. M., & Brestovci, B. (2014). Prediction of vo2max based on age, body mass, and resting heart rate. Human Movement, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.2478/humo-2014-0003
Biswas, S. (2020). A Study on Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability of Athletes, Non-athletes and Cricketers. American Journal of Sports Science, 8(4), 95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20200804.13
Plews, D. J., Laursen, P. B., Stanley, J., Kilding, A. E., & Buchheit, M. (2013). Training Adaptation and Heart Rate Variability in Elite Endurance Athletes: Opening the Door to Effective Monitoring. Sports Medicine, 43(9), 773-781. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-013-0071-8
Vesterinen, V., Häkkinen, K., Hynynen, E., Mikkola, J., Hokka, L., & Nummela, A. (2013). Heart rate variability in prediction of individual adaptation to endurance training in recreational endurance runners: HRV and endurance training adaptation. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 23(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01365.x
Reimers, A., Knapp, G., & Reimers, C.-D. (2018). Effects of Exercise on the Resting Heart Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventional Studies. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 7(12), 503. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7120503
Fry, R. W., Morton, A. R., & Keast, D. (1991). Overtraining in Athletes: An Update. Sports Medicine, 12(1), 32-65. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199112010-00004
Berkoff, D. J., Cairns, C. B., Sanchez, L. D., & Moorman, C. T. (2007). Heart rate variability in elite american track-and-field athletes. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(1), 227-231. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200702000-00041
Biswas, S., Biswas, A., & Bandhyopadhyay, N. (2021). Effects of Four Weeks Intervention of Yogic Practices on Cricket Specific Motor Fitness. Journal of Advances in Sports and Physical Education, 4(5), 125-130. https://saudijournals.com/media/articles/JASPE_45_125-130.pdf
Hoque, N. (2019). Game Specific Fitness Profile of Male Cricket Players from Kerala. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education, 5(6), 34-42.
Kossmann, C. E. (1953). The Normal Electrocardiogram. Circulation, 8(6), 920–936. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.8.6.920
Bangsbo, J., Iaia, F. M., & Krustrup, P. (2008). The Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test: A Useful Tool for Evaluation of Physical Performance in Intermittent Sports. Sports Medicine, 38(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838010-00004
Shaffer, F., & Ginsberg, J. P. (2017). An Overview of Heart Rate Variability Metrics and Norms. Frontiers in Public Health, 5, 258. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2017.00258
Catai, A. M., Chacon-Mikahil, M. P. T., Martinelli, F. S., Forti, V. A. M., Silva, E., Golfetti, R., Martins, L. E. B., Szrajer, J. S., Wanderley, J. S., Lima-Filho, E. C., Milan, L. A., Marin-Neto, J. A., Maciel, B. C., & Gallo-Junior, L. (2002). Effects of aerobic exercise training on heart rate variability during wakefulness and sleep and cardiorespiratory responses of young and middle-aged healthy men. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 35(6), 741-752. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2002000600016
Fernandes, T., Hashimoto, N. Y., Magalhães, F. C., Fernandes, F. B., Casarini, D. E., Carmona, A. K., ... & Oliveira, E. M. (2011). Aerobic exercise training–induced left ventricular hypertrophy involves regulatory MicroRNAs, decreased angiotensin-converting enzyme-angiotensin II, and synergistic regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-angiotensin (1-7). Hypertension, 58(2), 182-189. https://doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.168252
Martinelli, F. S., Chacon-Mikahil, M. P. T., Martins, L. E. B., Lima-Filho, E. C., Golfetti, R., Paschoal, M. A., & Gallo-Junior, L. (2005). Heart rate variability in athletes and nonathletes at rest and during head-up tilt. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 38(4), 639-647. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2005000400019
Manna, I., Khanna, G., & Dhara, P. (2009). Training induced changes on physiological and biochemical variables of young Indian field hockey players. Biology of Sport, 26(1), 33-43. https://doi.org/10.5604/20831862.890173
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Published
2022-11-30
How to Cite
Biswas, S., Biswas, B., Biswas, A., & Bhunia, G. B. (2022). Resting Heart Rate and Cardiovascular Endurance of Provincial Cricketers and Middle-Distance Runners: an Observation. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3s), S132-S136. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3s.18
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