Eight-Week Functional Training with Ascending AMRAP Model and FOR TIME Constant Load Model to Increase Abdominal Muscle Strength and Maximal Oxygen Consumption Levels in Adolescent Males
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.10Keywords:
ascending AMRAP, FOR TIME constant load, abdominal muscle strength, VO2maxAbstract
The study purpose was to investigate the effect of functional training with the ascending AMRAP model and with the FOR TIME constant load model on increasing abdominal muscle strength and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in adolescent males.
Materials and methods. This study used the True-Experimental method with the research design of the Randomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. A total of 21 adolescent males aged 18–21, body mass index (BMI) 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, normal blood pressure, normal resting heart rate, normal oxygen saturation (SpO2) participated in this study and were divided into three groups, namely CTRLG (n = 7; control group), FSTAG (n = 7; ascending AMRAP functional training group), and FSTFG (n = 7; FOR TIME constant load functional training group). Both the ascending AMRAPfunctional training and the FOR TIME constant load functional training interventions were carried out with a frequency of 3 times/week for 8 weeks. Statistical analysis used the one-way ANOVA test with the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 21.
Results. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean delta (Δ) increase in abdominal muscle strength (p ≤ 0.05). The mean delta (Δ) increase in VO2max also showed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the administration of functional training intervention with the ascending AMRAP model and functional training intervention with the FOR TIME constant load model which was carried out 3 times/week for 8 weeks increased abdominal muscle strength and maximal oxygen consumption levels.
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References
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Park, J. H., Moon, J. H., Kim, H. J., Kong, M. H., & Oh, Y. H. (2020). Sedentary Lifestyle: Overview of Updated Evidence of Potential Health Risks. Korean journal of family medicine, 41(6), 365-373. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.20.0165
Artero, E. G., Lee, D. C., Lavie, C. J., España-Romero, V., Sui, X., Church, T. S., & Blair, S. N. (2012). Effects of muscular strength on cardiovascular risk factors and prognosis. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention, 32(6), 351-358. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCR.0b013e3182642688
Kodama, S., Saito, K., Tanaka, S., Maki, M., Yachi, Y., Asumi, M., Sugawara, A., Totsuka, K., Shimano, H., Ohashi, Y., Yamada, N., & Sone, H. (2009). Cardiorespiratory fitness as a quantitative predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in healthy men and women: a meta-analysis. JAMA, 301(19), 2024-2035. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.681
Winnick, P. W., & Short, F. X. (1999). The Brockport physical fitness test manual. Champagn, IL: Human Kinetics.
Dunn, J. M., & Leitschuh, C. A. (2006). Special Physical Education (8th ed.). Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt.
Winter, D. A., Patla, A. E., & Frank, J. S. (1990). Assessment of balance control in humans. Medical progress through technology, 16(1-2), 31-51.
Bressel, E., Yonker, J. C., Kras, J., & Heath, E. M. (2007). Comparison of static and dynamic balance in female collegiate soccer, basketball, and gymnastics athletes. Journal of athletic training, 42(1), 42.
Örgün, E., Kurt, C., & Özsu, İ. (2019). The effect of static and dynamic core exercises on dynamic balance, spinal stability, and hip mobility in female office workers. Turkish journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 66(3), 271-280. https://doi.org/10.5606/tftrd.2020.4317
Akuthota, V., Ferreiro, A., Moore, T., & Fredericson, M. (2008). Core stability exercise principles. Current sports medicine reports, 7(1), 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CSMR.0000308663.13278.69
Mok, N. W., Yeung, E. W., Cho, J. C., Hui, S. C., Liu, K. C., & Pang, C. H. (2015). Core muscle activity during suspension exercises. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 18(2), 189-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.01.002
Jamison, S. T., Mcneilan, R. J., Young, G. S., Givens, D. L., Best, T. M., & Chaudhari, A. M. W. (2012). Randomized Controlled Trial of the Effects of a Trunk Stabilization Program on Trunk Control and Knee Loading. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 44(10), 1924-1934. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31825a2f61
Hibbs, A. E., Thompson, K. G., French, D., Wrigley, A., & Spears, I. (2008). Optimizing Performance by Improving Core Stability and Core Strength: Sports Medicine, 38(12), 995-1008. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838120-00004
Yang, N. P., Hsu, N. W., Lin, C. H., Chen, H. C., Tsao, H. M., Lo, S. S., & Chou, P. (2018). Relationship between muscle strength and fall episodes among the elderly: the Yilan study, Taiwan. BMC geriatrics, 18(1), 90. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0779-2
Gray, M., Glenn, J. M., & Binns, A. (2016). Predicting sarcopenia from functional measures among community-dwelling older adults. AGE, 38(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-016-9887-0
Loenneke, J. P., Dankel, S. J., Bell, Z. W., Buckner, S. L., Mattocks, K. T., Jessee, M. B., & Abe, T. (2019). Is muscle growth a mechanism for increasing strength?. Medical hypotheses, 125, 51-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2019.02.030
Khan, Munna. (2004). Leg resistance training: Effects upon VO2 peak and skeletal muscle myoplasticity. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 7(5), 27-43.
Esmaeilzadeh, S., & Ebadollahzadeh, K. (2012). Physical fitness, physical activity and sedentary activities of 7 to 11 year old boys with different body mass indexes. Asian journal of sports medicine, 3(2), 105-112. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34709
Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., & Sjöström, M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: A powerful marker of health. International Journal of Obesity, 32(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
Raghuveer, Geetha & Hartz, Jacob & Lubans, David & Takken, T. & Wiltz, Jennifer & Mietus-Snyder, Michele & Perak, Amanda & Baker-Smith, Carissa & Pietris, Nicholas & Edwards, Nicholas (2020). Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Youth: An Important Marker of Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation, 142(7). https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000866
Bompa, T.O., & Carlo Buzzichelli, C. (2015). Periodization Training For Sports. Isbn: 978-1-4504-6943-2
Fathir, L. W., Hartanto, S., & Kusnanik, N. W. (2021). Strength, endurance and speed development using functional strength training (FST) program for recreational runners performance. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21(4s), 2453-2457. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.s4330
Wibowo, S., Fathir, L. W., Soetanto, H., Kusnanik, N. W., Nurhasan, & Muhammad, H. N. (2020). Agility and Balance Development Using Functional Training for Basketball Youth Athlete. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Arts and Humanities, (491), 1346-1350.
Wibowo, S., Nurhasan, Fathir, L. W., Ashadi, K., Hartoto, S., Ardha, M. A., & Kartiko, D. C. (2021). The effect of a short term high intensity functional strength training on strength. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21(4s), 2332-2336. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2021.s4312
Brooks, D. M., & Copeland, C. (2012). Bosu Balance Trainer Integrated Balance Training. USA.
de-Oliveira, L. A., Heredia-Elvar, J. R., Maté-Muñoz, J. L., García-Manso, J. M., Aragão-Santos, J. C., & Da Silva-Grigoletto, M. E. (2021). Analysis of Pacing Strategies in AMRAP, EMOM, and FOR TIME Training Models during “Cross” Modalities. Sports, 9(11), 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9110144
Silva-Grigoletto, M. E. D., Heredia-Elvar, J. R., & Oliveira, L. A. de. (2020). “Cross” modalities: Are the AMRAP, RFT and EMOM models applicable to health? Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano, 22, e75400. https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e75400
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Published
2022-09-23
How to Cite
Hafidz, A., Prianto, D. A., & Hidayat, T. (2022). Eight-Week Functional Training with Ascending AMRAP Model and FOR TIME Constant Load Model to Increase Abdominal Muscle Strength and Maximal Oxygen Consumption Levels in Adolescent Males. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 22(3), 366–372. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.3.10
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