Вплив втоми на ефективність виконання приземлення у юних футболісток
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2024.2.09Ключові слова:
приземлення, юні футболістки, профілактика травматизму, втомаАнотація
Мета дослідження. Стрибок і приземлення представляють собою два види рухів, що використовуються з дуже високою частотою у всіх видах спорту, і є двома навичками, яким приділяється значна увага в літературі через їх взаємозв’язок з ризиком травмування. Метою цього дослідження є аналіз наступних аспектів: (а) визначити, чи має втома негативний вплив на техніку приземлення після виконання стрибка, і (б) перевірити, чи впливають різні метаболічні та нервово-м’язові вправи на техніку приземлення.
Матеріали та методи. Вибірка складалася з юних футболісток віком до 14 років (n = 29, 13,06 ± 1,27 років, 47,8 ± 2,6 кг; 143,2 ± 3,4 см). До і після виконання двох тренувальних протоколів, спрямованих на визначення стану втоми (протокол визначення функціональної здатності при короткочасній втомі та RSA протокол — здатність до повторного спринту), техніку приземлення оцінювали за допомогою Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) — системи оцінки помилок при приземленні.
Результати. Система оцінювання LESS для показників стану здоров’я перед втомою і після виконання протоколу визначення функціональної здатності при короткочасній втомі показала значення 6,78 ± 0,81 і 8,74 ± 0,77 відповідно (p > 0,001, ES: 1,39). Результат LESS для стану після проведення RSA протоколу становив 8,52 ± 0,87; цей показник був статистично значуще вищим, ніж перед станом втоми (p > 0,001, ES: 1,24).
Висновки. Виконання інтенсивних фізичних вправ, як нервово-м’язових, так і метаболічних, впливає на техніку приземлення юних футболісток.
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