Electromyographical Analysis of Table Tennis Forehand Stroke Using Different Ball Material
Keywords:
electromyography, table tennis, forehand topspin, root mean square, celluloid balls, poly plastic balls
Abstract
Research purpose. This study aimed to determine the EMG analysis of forehand topspin using different ball materials.
Materials and methods. For the purposes of this study, seven male university-level table tennis players who were right-hand dominant players (age 21.1 ± 2.4 years, height 162.6 ± 6.8 cm, mass 61.8 ± 3.2 kg) with at least 6 years of playing experience were selected. The selected participants were physically active and had no physical injuries. The study was approved by the research committee. Pectoralis Major (PM), Deltoid Anterior (DA), Latissimus Dorsi (LD), Biceps Brachii (BB), Extensor Carpi Radialis (ECR), Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) muscles were selected for the electromyographical study. One of the EMG signals variable Root Mean Square was measured in all muscles, through which the maximum muscle involvement was evaluated. For each assessed muscle and both ball materials, the mean value of Root Mean Square EMG signals was computed. For descriptive statistics, minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation were used, and a t-test was used as a statistical technique.
Results. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results of the study showed no significant difference in EMG variable Root Mean Square between celluloid and poly plastic ball material on selected muscles.
Conclusions. We conclude that the biceps brachii and extensor carpi radialis are important muscles for the forehand topspin because they are responsible for flexion of the arm and work strongly in the action of gripping in the performance of quick forehand spin strokes.
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References
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Lee, M. J. C. (2020). Speed and spin differences between the old celluloid versus new plastic table tennis balls and the effect on the kinematic responses of elite versus sub-elite players. International Journal of Racket Sports Science, October 2019. https://doi.org/10.30827/digibug.57324
Chen, Y. F., & Huang, C. C. (2020). Performance Effects of Different Table Tennis Ball Materials. Smart Science, 8(2), 84-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/23080477.2020.1786230
Iino, Y., Yoshioka, S., & Fukashiro, S. (2018). Effect of Mechanical Properties of the Lower Limb Muscles on Muscular Effort During Table Tennis Forehand. ISBS Proceedings Archive (XXXV), 3(2017), 770-773. https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol36/iss1/183
Kondrič, M., Zagatto, A. M., & Sekulić, D. (2013). The physiological demands of table tennis: A review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12(3), 362–370.
Iino, Y., & Kojima, T. (2016). Effect of the racket mass and the rate of strokes on kinematics and kinetics in the table tennis topspin backhand. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(8), 721-729. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1069377
Ozaki, H. (2017). Effect of Changing Table Tennis Ball Material from Celluloid to Pl lastic on the Post-Collision Ball Trajectory. 29-38.
Buckley, J. P., & Kerwin, D. G. (1988). The role of the biceps and triceps brachii during tennis serving. Ergonomics, 31(11), 1621-1629. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138808966811
https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199417010-00005
Bańkosz, Z., & Winiarski, S. (2017). The kinematics of table tennis racquet: Differences between topspin strokes. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 57(3), 202-213. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06104-1
Zagatto, A. M., Kondric, M., Knechtle, B., Nikolaidis, P. T., & Sperlich, B. (2018). Energetic demand and physical conditioning of table tennis players. A study review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(7), 724-731.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1335957
Kuneth, D. T. (2014). The transition from celluloid to plastic balls – International Table Tennis Federation. https://www.ittf.com/2020/01/28/transition-celluloid-plastic-balls/
Küneth, D. T. (2020). The transition from celluloid to plastic balls. https://www.ittf.com/2020/01/28/transition-celluloid-plastic-balls/#:~:text=Celluloid is gone&text=The last supplier of celluloid, had become a risk driver.
Huges, M. (2014). How To Choose Your Table Tennis Balls.
https://www.allabouttabletennis.com/table-tennis-balls.html
Stimpson Paul. (2015). Plastic balls: Your questions answered – Table Tennis England. Table Tennis England. https://tabletennisengland.co.uk/news/archived/plastic-balls-your-questions-answered-2/
Wang, M., Fu, L., Gu, Y., Mei, Q., Fu, F., & Fernandez, J. (2018). Comparative Study of Kinematics and Muscle Activity Between Elite and Amateur Table Tennis Players During Topspin Loop Against Backspin Movements. Journal of Human Kinetics, 64(1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0182
Seemiller, D., & Mark Holowchak, M. (1997). Winning Table Tennis. Human Kinetics, 177.
Iino, Y., & Kojima, T. (2011). Kinetics of the upper limb during table tennis topspin forehands in advanced and intermediate players. Sports Biomechanics, 10(4), 361-377. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2011.629304
Petrofsky, J. S. (1979). Frequency and amplitude analysis of the EMG during exercise on the bicycle ergometer. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 41(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00424464
Tsai, C.-L., Pan, K.-M., Huang, K.-S., Chang, T.-J., Hsueh, Y.-C., Wang, L.-M., & Chang, S.-S. (2010). the Surface Emg Activity of the Upper Limb Muscles in Table Tennis Forehand Drives. International Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports: Conference Proceedings Archive, 28, 1-4. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=59696241&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Kondrič, Miran, Furjan-Mandic, Gordana, Medved, V. (2006). Myoelectric comparison of table tennis forehand stroke using different ball sizes. Acta Universitatis Palackianae Olomucensis. Gymnica, 36(4), 25-31.
Bioengineering, B. (2011a). Portable Surface EMG System using Wireless Probes. https://www.zflomotion.com/hs-fs/hub/167460/file-28268544-pdf/archive/docs/zflo-freeemg300.pdf
Halaki, M., & Gi, K. (2012a). Normalization of EMG Signals: To Normalize or Not to Normalize and What to Normalize to? Computational Intelligence in Electromyography Analysis - A Perspective on Current Applications and Future Challenges, October. https://doi.org/10.5772/49957
Latasa, I., Cordova, A., Quintana-Ortí, G., Lavilla-Oiz, A., Navallas, J., & Rodriguez-Falces, J. (2019). Evaluation of the electromyography test for the analysis of the aerobic-anaerobic transition in elite cyclists during incremental exercise. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 9(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/app9030589
Bioengineering, B. (2011b). User Manual. SpringerReference. https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_28001
Halaki, M., & Gi, K. (2012b). Normalization of EMG Signals: To Normalize or Not to Normalize and What to Normalize to? Computational Intelligence in Electromyography Analysis - A Perspective on Current Applications and Future Challenges, May 2015. https://doi.org/10.5772/49957
Kei, K., Miran, K., & Paar, D. (2019). Proceedings Book of the 16th Ittf Sports Science Congress. In M. K. – E.-C. D. P. K. Kamijima (Ed.), 16th ITTF SPORTS SCIENCE CONGRESS (p. 406). International Table Tennis Federation, Hungarian Table Tennis Association, University of Pécs. Edited.
Lee, M. J. C. (2020). Speed and spin differences between the old celluloid versus new plastic table tennis balls and the effect on the kinematic responses of elite versus sub-elite players. International Journal of Racket Sports Science, October 2019. https://doi.org/10.30827/digibug.57324
Chen, Y. F., & Huang, C. C. (2020). Performance Effects of Different Table Tennis Ball Materials. Smart Science, 8(2), 84-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/23080477.2020.1786230
Iino, Y., Yoshioka, S., & Fukashiro, S. (2018). Effect of Mechanical Properties of the Lower Limb Muscles on Muscular Effort During Table Tennis Forehand. ISBS Proceedings Archive (XXXV), 3(2017), 770-773. https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol36/iss1/183
Kondrič, M., Zagatto, A. M., & Sekulić, D. (2013). The physiological demands of table tennis: A review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12(3), 362–370.
Iino, Y., & Kojima, T. (2016). Effect of the racket mass and the rate of strokes on kinematics and kinetics in the table tennis topspin backhand. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(8), 721-729. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1069377
Ozaki, H. (2017). Effect of Changing Table Tennis Ball Material from Celluloid to Pl lastic on the Post-Collision Ball Trajectory. 29-38.
Buckley, J. P., & Kerwin, D. G. (1988). The role of the biceps and triceps brachii during tennis serving. Ergonomics, 31(11), 1621-1629. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140138808966811
Published
2022-06-25
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How to Cite
Maheshwari, A., Pandey, G., Shukla, M., Rawat, V. S., & Yadav, T. (2022). Electromyographical Analysis of Table Tennis Forehand Stroke Using Different Ball Material. Teorìâ Ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 22(2), 249-254. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.2.15
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