The Acute Effects of Small-Sided Games on Hamstring Strength in Young Soccer Players
Keywords:
hamstring, prevention, young soccer player, small-sided games
Abstract
The study purpose.The Small-side games (SSG) are high intensity drills very popular in soccer training. The knowledge of the acute effects of the exercises that make up the training session is very relevant especially to reduce youth soccer injury risk. This study aim to assessment the acute effects of SSG on hamstring eccentric strength and to know the lower limb strength asymmetries (LLSA) in young soccer players.
Materials and methods. The sample is composed of male young soccer players Under 17 (n = 24, 16.6 ± 0.5 years, 168.8 ± 4.6 cm, 58.2 ± 3.5 kg). Before and after SSG (4vs4, 3×4 min, 3min recovery, no goalkeepers) the hamstring eccentric strength and the lower limb eccentric strength asymmetry were evaluated used a specific dynamometer (N3 Easytech, Italy) and relative software. Every young soccer player performed a single repetition of the Nordic hamstring exercise with dynamometer; after about 2 minutes, instead, they performed 5 repetitions of the same exercise, without interruption. For both assessments, were detected the eccentric strength and the LLSA.
Results. The hamstring eccentric strength assessment show substantial and statistically significant differences in the assessment in comparison pre-post values. A significant reduction was observed for eccentric strength peak (p < 0.018 and p < 0.014 for right/left limb), for eccentric average strength (p < 0.017 and p < 0.006 for right/left limb). The eccentric peak strength asymmetry value and the average strength asymmetry value revealed a significant increase (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions. The reduction of strength after SSG requires careful consideration of the exercises order in the training session. The practitioners can plan training sessions and apply SSGs more effectively, with more attention to the effects on hamstrings.
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References
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D’Isanto, T., D’Elia, F., Raiola, G., & Altavilla, G. (2019). Assessment of sport performance: Theoretical aspects and practical indications. Sport Mont, 17, 79-82.
Köklü, Y., Sert, Ö., Alemdaroğlu, U., & Arslan, Y. (2015). Comparison of the physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of young soccer players in small-sided games: the effect of goalkeeper. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 29(4), 964-971. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182a744a1
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Sannicandro, I, Traficante, P, & Cofano, G. (2019a). Hamstring injury prevention: the strength assessment in young soccer players. MOJ Sports Med., 3(2), 28-32. https://doi.org/mojsm.2019.03.00075
Halouani, J., Chtourou, H., Dellal, A., Chaouachi, A., & Chamari, K. (2017). Soccer small-sided games in young players: rule modification to induce higher physiological responses. Biology of sport, 34(2), 163-168. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2017.64590
Castillo, D., Raya-González, J., Sarmento, H., Clemente, F. M., & Yanci, J. (2021). Effects of including endurance and speed sessions within small-sided soccer games periodization on physical fitness. Biology of sport, 38(2), 291-299. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.99325
Kunz, P., Engel, F. A., Holmberg, H. C., & Sperlich, B. (2019). A Meta-Comparison of the Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training to Those of Small-Sided Games and Other Training Protocols on Parameters Related to the Physiology and Performance of Youth Soccer Players. Sports medicine - open, 5(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-019-0180-5
Selmi, O., Marzouki, H., Ouergui, I., BenKhalifa, W., & Bouassida, A. (2018). Influence of intense training cycle and psychometric status on technical and physiological aspects performed during the small-sided games in soccer players. Research in Sports Medicine, 26(4):401-412.
Zurutuza, U., Castellano, J., Echeazarra, I., Guridi, I., & Casamichana, D. (2020). Selecting Training-Load Measures to Explain Variability in Football Training Games. Front. Psychol. 10:2897. https://doi.org/fpsyg.2019.02897
Miranda, G., Aliberti, S., & Invernizzi, P.L. (2021). Effects of an 8-week intermittent aerobic training program on aerobic power in a professional soccer team. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(3proc), S1031-S1038. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc3.20
Sannicandro, I., Piccinno, A., Rosa, A.R., Raiola, G., Cofano, G. (2020). Analysis of external load during SSG 5vs5 with and without external wildcard (jolly) soccer players. Sport Science, 14, 65-71.
Sannicandro, I. (2021b). Small-sided games and size pitch in elite female soccer players: A short narrative review. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(2proc), S361-S369.
Köklü, Y., Cihan, H., Alemdaroğlu, U., Dellal, A., & Wong, D. P. (2020). Acute effects of small-sided games combined with running drills on internal and external loads in young soccer players. Biology of sport, 37(4), 375–381. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96943
Coutinho, D., Gonçalves, B., Santos, S., Travassos, B., Wong Del, P., & Sampaio, J. (2018). Effects of the pitch configuration design on players’ physical performance and movement behaviour during soccer SSG. Research in Sports Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438627.2018.1544133
Clemente, F.M., Sarmento, H., Rabbani, A., Van Der Linden, C.M.I.N., Kargarfard, M., & Costa, I.T. (2019). Variations of external load variables between medium- and large-sided soccer games in professional players. Res Sports Med, 27(1):50-59.
Goto, H., & King, J.A. (2019). High-intensity demands of 6-a-side small-sided games and 11-a-side matches in youth soccer players, Pediatr Exerc Sci, 31(1):85-90.
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2022-03-25
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Sannicandro, I., Cofano, G., & Raiola, G. (2022). The Acute Effects of Small-Sided Games on Hamstring Strength in Young Soccer Players. Teorìâ Ta Metodika Fìzičnogo Vihovannâ, 22(1), 77-84. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2022.1.11
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