https://tmfv.com.ua/journal/issue/feedPhysical Education Theory and Methodology2024-02-29T21:36:26+02:00Oleg Khudoliitmfv@tmfv.com.uaOpen Journal Systems<p><img src="https://tmfv.com.ua/public/site/images/tmfv/obl-engl-min-21(4)-L1.png" /><br />Scientific-methodological journal. </p> <p>Professional journal in physical education and sports.</p> <p>The journal publishes manuscripts that focus on:</p> <ul> <li class="show">movement training theory and methodology;</li> <li class="show">physical education of children and teenagers;</li> <li class="show">sports training of children and youth;</li> <li class="show">physical training at school;</li> <li class="show">physical training in prevention and treatment of children’s and teenagers’ illnesses;</li> <li class="show">theory and methodology of professional training of a physical training teacher;</li> <li class="show">legal framework of physical training in Ukraine.</li> </ul> <p> The journal’s regular sections are:</p> <ul> <li class="show">physical training history;</li> <li class="show">physical training education;</li> <li class="show">fundamentals of sports training;</li> <li class="show">fundamentals of youth sports;</li> <li class="show">fundamentals of physical exercise technique;</li> <li class="show">physical training at school;</li> <li class="show">physical education of various population groups;</li> <li class="show">information and computer technologies in physical education and sports;</li> <li class="show">legal framework of physical training in Ukraine.</li> </ul> <p>6 issues per year</p> <p>State registration certificate: series KV No. 6255 as of June 21, 2002.</p> <p>The journal was founded in 2000.</p> <p>p-ISSN 1993-7989, e-ISSN 1993-7997</p>https://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2471The Effects of an 8-Week Strength Training Toward the Specific Preparation Phase on Male Volleyball Athletes’ Performance2024-02-29T21:36:26+02:00Fatkurahman Arjunaarjuna@uny.ac.idGallant Pamungkasgallantpamungkas.2022@student.uny.ac.idNawan Primasoninawan_primasoni@uny.ac.idTri Winarti Rahayutriwinarti@staff.uns.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Background.</strong> Training programs are part of training management that need to be properly and correctly prepared and implemented.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study Purpose. </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week program of resistance training, carried out at a specific preparation phase, on the performance of male junior volleyball athletes.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> This study was conducted as experimental research, with a sample of 24 male volleyball athletes ([mean ± SD] age: 17.96 ± 1.23 years; body weight: 75.56 ± 7.80 kg; height: 180.46 ± 7.14 cm; body fat: 17.62 ± 3.36%) who were randomly divided into experimental group (EG): n = 12 and control group (CG): n = 12. The training program lasted for eight weeks and took place at a specific preparation phase.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> There was a significant increase in the indicators handgrip dynamometer left (p<0.014), handgrip dynamometer right (p<0.001), vertical jump (p<0.001), sit-and-reach test (p<0.000), leg dynamometer (p<0.000), and back dynamometer (p<0.001) in the experimental group after being given strength training treatment for eight weeks.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> When strength training is included in volleyball training, it can increase the performance in power, strength, and flexibility, especially when carried out at a specific preparation phase. Incorporating targeted stimuli, such as strength training, into training sessions appears to be a secure method of training for this age group and may help to contribute to continuous and gradual improvements in neuromuscular adaptation.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Fatkurahman Arjuna, Gallant Pamungkas, Nawan Primasoni, Tri Winarti Rahayuhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2488The Relationship of 2D:4D Finger Length Ratio with Biomotoric Characteristics and Sports Performance in Adolescent Basketball Players2024-02-29T21:36:14+02:00Erkan Çetinkayaerkcetinkaya09@gmail.comHalil Tanırhalil.tanir@usak.edu.trFurkan Çelikfrknclk9@gmail.com<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Background.</strong> The aim of this study is to determine the relationship of 2D:4D finger length ratio (also known as digit ratio) with biomotoric features and sports performance in adolescent basketball players. 24 male basketball players with a mean age of 14.83±0.71 years and a training age of 7.08±1.92 years participated in the study.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and </strong><strong>m</strong><strong>ethods</strong><strong>.</strong> The participants’ 2D and 4D finger lengths of both hands, height (cm), body weight (kg), some biomotoric characteristics and sports performances were determined by measurements. The German Heidelberger Basketball Test was conducted to evaluate the basketball-based sports performances of the participants. The SPSS 25.0 package program was performed in the statistical analysis of the obtained data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to determine whether or not the data showed a normal distribution. Parametric tests were preferred for statistical analysis as the data were found to have a normal distribution.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>.</strong> It was found that there was no statistically significant relationship between the 2D:4D finger length ratio, some motoric features and basketball-based sports performances of the participants (p>0.05). It was concluded that the ratio of 2D:4D finger lengths in adolescent basketball players did not have an effect on biomotoric features and basketball-based sports performance. When the correlation between 2D:4D finger length ratio and sports performance parameters was examined, no statistically significant relationship was observed (p>0.05).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Although some studies show a significant negative correlation between performance tests and the 2D:4D ratio, it should be noted that the 2D:4D finger ratio is not the only determinant for sports performance.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Erkan Çetinkaya, Halil Tanır, Furkan Çelikhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2524High School Student-Athletes: Their Motivation, Study Habits, Self-Discipline, Academic Support, and Academic Performance2024-02-29T21:35:54+02:00Dian Pujiantodianpujianto@unib.ac.idYahya Eko Nopiyantoyahyaekonopiyanto@unib.ac.idCahyo Wibowocahyo.wibowo@uksw.eduIpa Sari Kardiipasari@fik.uncen.ac.idSeptian Raibowoseptianraibowo@unib.ac.idBayu Insanistyobayuinsanistyo@unib.ac.idIbrahimibrahimibe616@gmail.comBaharuddin Hasanhasanbaharuddin03@gmail.comAgus Sutriawanagus.sutriawan@unm.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> Student-athletes have a role that is not easy to balance between the role of being an athlete and the role of being a student at school. Not a few of them have obstacles in balancing both roles. This study aims to reveal the characteristics of secondary school student-athletes in Bengkulu City. The main objectives are to describe the level of achievement motivation, study habits, self-discipline, academic support, and academic performance.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> This study is a quantitative descriptive research with a survey approach involving 402 student-athletes at the junior high school and senior high school levels. The student-athletes represent 16 sports. The average age of student-athletes is 15.9 years. The instrument used in the study was a questionnaire consisting of 36 statement items. The mean ideal and standard deviation ideal formulas were used to analyze data regarding the category level of each indicator, while the independent sample t-test was used to determine differences in data between student-athletes based on gender and type of sport.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Result</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>.</strong> The results of this study reveal that student-athletes in Bengkulu City have achievement motivation, study habits, self-discipline, academic support, and academic performance in the high category. There is a significant difference between male and female student-athletes (sig 0.001 < 0.005). There were no significant differences between student-athletes from individual and team sports (0.442 > 0.005).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Student-athletes at junior high school and senior high school education levels have good characteristics, there are significant differences between male and female athletes, and there are no significant differences between individual athletes and team athletes.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Dian Pujianto, Yahya Eko Nopiyanto, Cahyo Wibowo, Ipa Sari Kardi, Septian Raibowo, Bayu Insanistyo, Ibrahim, Baharuddin Hasan, Agus Sutriawanhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2520Improvement of Motor Skills and Motivation to Learn Physical Education Through the Use of Traditional Games2024-02-29T21:35:57+02:00Hilmy Aliriadhilmy@unugiri.ac.idS Adiadis@mail.unnes.ac.idJujur Gunawan Manullangjujurgm@univpgri-palembang.ac.idI Bagus Endrawanbagus.endrawan@binadarma.ac.idM. Haris Satriaharis@binadarma.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> This study aims to investigate motor skills and motivation to learn physical education through traditional games.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> The study was conducted using an experimental method and involved 60 students from primary schools in Purwodadi District, Grobogan Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected by measuring motor skills and learning motivation through affective, cognitive and psychomotor tests that were examined for validity and reliability. In addition, students’ character was also measured through observational tests of students’ basic movement skills. The measurement of basic movement skills was carried out before and after the intervention, which lasted for 8 sessions over one month. Data analysis was carried out using the ANOVA technique, reinforced by regression of research results using SPSS 22 software.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Result</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>.</strong> The results showed that the traditional game approach had a significant effect on increasing students’ motivation to learn physical education. The traditional games approach also contributed positively to students’ learning outcomes. Through hands-on experience in these traditional games, students can develop motor skills, coordination, speed, strength, as well as cognitive aspects such as strategy, spatial intelligence and situation analysis.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> By participating in traditional games, students can understand and respect cultural heritage and broaden their horizons about cultural diversity. Suggestions for future investigations include extending the research and development activities by including a larger sample, which may provide greater statistical power to support research findings in the area of traditional games.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Hilmy Aliriad, S Adi, Jujur Gunawan Manullang, I Bagus Endrawan, M. Haris Satriahttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2474The Effect of a Six-Week Course of Surya Namaskar Practice on Back Flexibility and Lumbar Flexion in Male College Students2024-02-29T21:36:21+02:00Ethiraj Balajibalajiethirajcbe@gmail.comKamatchi Murugavelmealto_muruga@yahoo.co.inMariyappan Rajkumarvikasrajkumar18@gmail.comSubbramani Logeswaranlokshaas83@gmail.comVeluchamy Vijayasankarsankarkabaddi7@gmail.comChinnathambi Devarajdevarajc21@gmail.com<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose</strong><strong>.</strong> The strenuous Surya Namaskar exercise programme has gained considerable popularity among contemporary yoga practitioners. Its special combination of yogic breathing techniques, asanas (postures) and dharana (focused mind concentration) helps to improve flexibility. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an original six-week course of Surya Namaskar on back flexibility and lumbar flexion in male college students.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and </strong><strong>m</strong><strong>ethods</strong><strong>.</strong> Thirty male college students aged between eighteen and twenty years were randomly assigned to treatment group (Surya Namaskar practice) (n=15) and control group (n=15). The treatment group performed Surya Namaskar practice for six weeks, while the control group did not participate in any treatment other than their regular activities for six weeks. Back flexibility and lumbar flexion of the subjects were assessed at the baseline and after six weeks.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>.</strong> Back flexibility and lumbar flexion increased in the treatment group after six weeks of Surya Namaskar practice.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions</strong><strong>.</strong> The current Surya Namaskar procedure contributes to the kinanthropometric well-being of male college students in terms of back flexibility and lumbar flexion. Surya Namaskar should be included in school and college curriculum because of its numerous physical and physiological benefits.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Ethiraj Balaji, Kamatchi Murugavel, Mariyappan Rajkumar, Subbramani Logeswaran, Veluchamy Vijayasankar, Chinnasamy Devarajhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2493Assessment of Motor Fitness Metrics among Athletes in Different Sports: An Original Research2024-02-29T21:36:00+02:00Md. Nasim Rezadrmdnasimreza@gmail.comMd. Hamidur Rahmanhamid.pess.just@gmail.comMuhammad Shahidul Islamjewel.soccer@yahoo.comDessalegn Wase Moladessalegn.wasie@gmail.comSyed Murtaza Hussain Andrabimurtazahussain80989@gmail.com<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Background.</strong> Motor fitness is one of the keys to athletes’ success and is the initial factor mixed with game-specific technique and tactics that has an impact on game performance. All athletes should incorporate these elements into their sport and game actions.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study purpose.</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in motor fitness metrics among university-level male athletes participating in various sports.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> Sixty (60) male athletes, ranging in age from 18 to 25 years, were selected from six different sports: Athletics, Basketball, Cricket, Football, Handball, and Volleyball. Each group consisted of 10 athletes who had competed at the inter-university level. The research focused on six key fitness metrics: agility, speed, power, arm strength, abdominal muscle strength, and cardiovascular endurance. Appropriate testing methods and instruments were used to measure these parameters. Statistical analysis, including one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests, was performed to identify significant differences between the groups. A significance level of 0.05 was set for the study.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> The results showed statistically significant differences among the groups in agility (F(5,54) = 4.776, p<0.001), speed (F(5,54) = 5.602, p<0.000), and cardiovascular endurance (F(5,54) = 3.578, p<0.007). However, no significant differences were observed for power (F(5,54) = 2.079, p>0.082), arm strength (F(5,54) = 1.368, p>0.251), and abdominal muscle strength (F(5,54) = 1.947, p>0.102). According to the post hoc (LSD) test findings, each group’s agility, speed, and cardiovascular endurance parameters were compared to each other to check the significance level.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> In summary, the study has revealed that agility, speed, and cardiovascular endurance were significantly different among athletes in various sports, whereas power, arm strength, and abdominal muscle strength were not. The findings suggest that athletes and coaches should prioritize sport-specific fitness components to improve game performance.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Md. Nasim Reza, Md. Hamidur Rahman, Muhammad Shahidul Islam, Dessalegn Wase Mola, Syed Murtaza Hussain Andrabihttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2538Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Combined with Blood Flow Restriction and Systemic Hypoxia on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Overweight University Students2024-02-29T21:35:27+02:00Jittima Jaisukjittima.j@ubru.ac.thSarocha Namboonluesarocha.y@ubru.ac.thPalakorn Sriwisetstd.62122080225@ubru.ac.thTachapon Tongtermtachapon.t@sskru.ac.thArunya Buttichakarunya.b@ubu.ac.thNattha Muangritdechnattha.nua@uru.ac.thChaiyawat Namboonluechaiyawat.n@ubru.ac.th<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> This study investigated the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) and hypoxic exposure (HYP) on body composition and physical performance in overweight university students.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> Twenty-nine male university students with overweight were divided into 3 groups: 1) whole-body vibration (WBV), 2) whole-body vibration plus blood flow restriction (WBV+BFR, 60% of occlusion pressure) and 3) whole-body vibration plus hypoxic exposure (WBV+HYP, FiO₂ = 15.8%). Training included 10 sets of intermittent WBV exercise (30-35 Hz in frequency and high amplitude) 20 min/day and 3 days/week. Body composition along with physical performance was measured before (2-3 days prior) and after (2-3 days post) an 8-week training period.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>.</strong> The results of this study were as followed, after training, the maximum strength (1RM) in the leg press and leg curl were significantly increased in the WBV+HYP group (28.31%, p = 0.016 and 13.56%, p = 0.017) compared with the WBV group (17.68% and 2.88) respectively. Similarly, the WBV+HYP group showed a substantial increase in muscle endurance in the leg extension and leg curl (28.57%, p = 0.013 and 34.38% p = 0.049) when compared to the WBV group (5.33% and 13.20%) respectively.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>s.</strong> Whole-body vibration combined with blood flow restriction and hypoxic exposure were effective in improving body composition and physical fitness. Performing the procedure can also be adjusted according to convenience and suitability for each individual. It is a guideline for preventing, treating, and promoting health among overweight adolescents.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Jittima Jaisuk, Sarocha Namboonlue, Palakorn Sriwiset, Tachapon Tongterm, Arunya Buttichak, Nattha Muangritdech, Chaiyawat Namboonluehttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2525Interaction of Skating Agility Tests and Postural Stability in Hockey Players2024-02-29T21:35:51+02:00Jaroslav Broďánijbrodani@ukf.skMatúš Guzmanmatus.guzman@ukf.skRoman Valaroman.vala@vsb.czViktor Huszárviktor.huszar@student.ukf.sk<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> In this work, we point out the interaction of complex postural stability (CPS) and skating agility tests among pupils in the hockey club HK Nové Zámky. We determined postural stability using the SEBT and agility with skating tests. We expected a significant interaction between performance in skating agility tests and CPS for both standing legs, which was most closely identified with the eight-item SEBT test.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> The level of CPS was characterized by descriptive statistics. Laterality between right and left standing leg was assessed by t-test and Cohen’s “d”. The relationships between CPS and skating agility tests were determined by Pearson’s correlation coefficient “r”. Predictors were selected by stepwise regression. Statistical significance of differences and relationships was assessed at the 5% significance level.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> The results showed no differences in the laterality of the CPS between the right and left standing leg. Correlation analysis demonstrated the interactions of the left and right standing leg with all skating agility tests. Stepwise regression was used to select the tests that were most identified with the performance on the eight-item SEBT test in terms of their skating expression. The Illinois test has the most significant informational power for CPS.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The presence of positive interactions between skating agility and CPS in hockey players point to the importance of a balanced and stable stance of both legs in all directions. The perfect balance and stability of hockey players eliminates the fluctuations caused by skating movement in all directions and facilitates their execution without major changes in dynamic performance. The chance of shortening the activation time of the muscle chains involved in the technique of performing the test also increases significantly, or in the very structure of technique – the economics of ice hockey players’ skating.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Jaroslav Broďáni, Matúš Guzman, Roman Vala, Viktor Huszárhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2535Using Support Vector Regression Kernel Models for Cricket Performance Prediction in the Womens Premier League 20242024-02-29T21:35:37+02:00Ponnusamy Yoga Lakshmiyogalakp@srmist.edu.inSwamynathan Sanjaykumarsanjayswaminathan007@gmail.comManiazhagu Dharumanmaniazhagu@cutn.ac.inAarthi Elangovanaarthi.devpal@gmail.com<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Background.</strong> The interest in women’s premier league cricket has caused the need for advanced analytics to understand the multifaceted dynamics of the sport.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study Purpose.</strong> This study aimed to contribute to sports analytics by assessing the efficacy of Support Vector Regression (SVR) kernel models in predicting the most valuable player. Such research methods as ANOVA, Bessel function, and Inverse MultiQuadratic kernel application have been deliberately chosen for their diverse mathematical approaches, aligning with the nuanced intricacies of women’s premier league cricket.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and </strong><strong>m</strong><strong>ethods.</strong> Player performance was analyzed by using the following study methods: ANOVA, Bessel function and Inverse MultiQuadratic kernel application. The data, sourced from espncricinfo.com and the International Cricket Council, includes essential metrics for five teams. Rigorous preprocessing techniques, such as imputation and outlier removal, enhance data reliability, ensuring robust predictive models.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> The application of the Inverse MultiQuadratic kernel exhibits exceptional predictive performance, surpassing ANOVA and Bessel function models. The kernels radial basis function proves effective in capturing the intricate dynamics of women’s premier league cricket. The findings underscore the suitability of kernel method for predicting standout performers in the Womenʼs Premier League 2024 season.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The study revealed the dynamic interplay between sports analytics and machine learning in women’s premier league cricket. The application of the Inverse MultiQuadratic kernel stands out as the most effective model, providing key insights into player predictions. This emphasizes the continual integration of advanced analytical techniques to enhance our understanding of the evolving landscape of women’s premier league cricket. As the sport gains prominence on the global stage, such analytical endeavors become imperative for strategic decision-making and sustained growth.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Ponnusamy Yoga Lakshmi, Swamynathan Sanjaykumar, Maniazhagu Dharuman, Aarthi Elangovanhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2537The Effect of Knee Tuck Jump and Jump-To-Box Plyometric Training on Female Students’ Leg Muscle Strength and Flexibility in Volleyball Extracurricular Activity2024-02-29T21:35:30+02:00Cerika Rismayanthicerikafik@gmail.comNur Alfitra Salamnuralfitra.2021@student.uny.ac.idAbdul Alimabdulalim@uny.ac.idYulvia Miftachurochmahyulviamifta@uny.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> This study aimed to investigate the effects of Knee Tuck Jump or Jump to Box plyometric training and to determine their effectiveness in increasing leg muscle strength and flexibility in female students participating in volleyball extracurriculars.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and </strong><strong>m</strong><strong>ethods.</strong> This study used a quasi-experimental design. Twenty-four female students were randomly selected as samples and then divided into two categories: 12 students receiving Knee Tuck Jump training (age: 17.08±0.51) and 12 students receiving Jump to Box training (age: 17.00±0.60). All participants performed the initial and final tests using the Vertical Jump and sit-and-reach tests. To analyze the data, the t-test was used to determine the differences in variables between the pretest and posttest in the experimental group.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>.</strong> In the Knee Tuck Jump group, a significant improvement in VJ (P=0.000) and sit-&-reach tests (P=0.000) was observed. In addition, Knee Tuck Jump was considered to be more effective in increasing the students’ flexibility, because the t value of sit-&-reach test (14.075) was higher than that of VJ (13.811).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Similarly, the Jump to Box group also showed a significant improvement in VJ (P=0.000) and sit-&-reach (P=0.000) tests. However, Jump to Box was deemed to be more effective in increasing the students’ leg muscle strength, as the t value of VJ (26.086) was higher than that of sit-&-reach test (9.594).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusion</strong><strong>s.</strong> Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that plyometric exercises, specifically KTJ and JB, have a significant and positive impact on the lower limb muscle strength and flexibility in female students participating in volleyball extracurricular activities. Despite both demonstrating significant positive effects, KTJ training is more effective in improving flexibility compared to JB, while JB is more effective in enhancing lower limb muscle strength compared to KTJ.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Cerika Rismayanthi, Nur Alfitra Salam, Abdul Alim, Yulvia Miftachurochmahhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2531The Influence of Physical Education Over A Semester on the Psycho-Physical Development in Elementary School Students2024-02-29T21:35:44+02:00Dejan Milenkovićdejan.milenkovic2309@gmail.comJasmina Radonjićjiradonjic@gmail.comNataša Nikićnatasanikic1974@gmail.comIvana Zubićivana.zubic@fzs.edu.rs<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study purpose. </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the physical education program over a semester on physical fitness, sport-specific skills (football and basketball) and the quality of life in elementary school students (7th and 8th grade).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Material</strong><strong>s</strong><strong> and method</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>.</strong> 128 students (64 boys and 64 girls) from three elementary schools, aged 13‒14, participated in the study. A battery of five diagnostic tests was used to assess physical fitness: Modified Agility “T” test, Illinois Agility Run Test, 10x5 Shuttle Run Test, Standing Balance Test and 2-Minute Step in Place Test. Training polygons with elements of sports were used to assess football and basketball skills. Determining the level of quality of life was carried out with a pediatric quality of life questionnaire (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM – PedsQL).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> The study found statistically significant improvements in the results of most physical fitness tests in all team sports on training polygons, as well as in the level of quality of life for both boys and girls in both grades.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusion.</strong> It can be concluded that the physical education program was well organized and implemented and thus had a positive effect on improving the psycho-physical status of students.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Dejan Milenković, Jasmina Radonjić, Nataša Nikić, Ivana Zubićhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2487The Effect of Hypoxic Exercise Combined with Crocodile Blood Supplementation on Aerobic Capacity and Hematological Variables in Athletes2024-02-29T21:36:17+02:00Worrawut Thuwakumworrawutt@uru.ac.thApiwan Manimmanakornapiwanta@yahoo.comWin Chaeychomsrifsciwcc@ku.ac.thJindawan Siruntawinetifscijws@ku.ac.thSasithorn Sukjitsasithorn@uru.ac.th<p><strong>Study purpose.</strong> This study aimed to compare the effects of hypoxic exercise combined with crocodile blood supplementation on hematological and maximum oxygen consumption parameters in soccer players.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> This study included 39 male soccer players aged 21.69 ± 1.98 years who were randomized to three groups. All groups performed the same training program, which comprised treadmill exercise at 70%–75% of maximum heart rate for 7 weeks with sessions of 30 min/day and 3 days per week. The first group was the control placebo group (CG, n = 13), the second group received one capsule per day (60 mg) of a freeze-dried crocodile blood supplement (SUP, n = 13), and the third group received the freeze-dried crocodile blood supplement and performed the training program under hypoxic conditions (H-SUP, n = 13, FiO<sub>2</sub> = 16.3%). A hematological evaluation was conducted and maximal oxygen uptake (VO<sub>2</sub>max) was measured using the Bruce protocol treadmill test.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p><strong>Results.</strong> The H-SUP group demonstrated significantly higher erythropoietin (EPO) levels (14.40 ± 2.41 mIU/mL) compared to the SUP group (11.50 ± 2.08 mIU/mL) and CG (12.01 mIU/mL) after the intervention. From pre- to post-intervention, VO<sub>2</sub>max significantly increased in the H-SUP (Pre: 45.63 ± 4.75, Post: 49.33 ± 5.81) and SUP groups (Pre: 44.59 ± 4.75, Post: 47.30 ± 5.68) but not in the CG.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p> <p><strong>Conclusions. </strong>This study reveals that a combination of freeze-dried crocodile blood supplementation and hypoxic exercise causes hematological alterations, particularly the activation of EPO secretion, and increases VO<sub>2</sub>max in soccer players.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Worrawut Thuwakum, Apiwan Manimmanakorn, Win Chaeychomsri, Jindawan Siruntawineti, Sasithorn Sukjithttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2541Stepping Towards Better Health: The Effects of Walking Football for 12 Weeks on Cardiovascular Health in Hypertensive Male Senior Citizens2024-02-29T21:35:24+02:00Ahsan Ul Haq Mirehsaanmeer1@gmail.comSandhya Tiwaritiwarisandhya22@yahoo.co.inSandeep Tiwarisandeeptiwari1964@yahoo.co.in<p><strong>Background. </strong>Cardiovascular concerns in hypertensive elderly men, evaluating the effectiveness of a walking football program for targeted health improvement in this population.</p> <p><strong>Study purpose. </strong>This study aims to clarify and characterize changes in cardiovascular health due to a 12-week walking football training program in male seniors (60-70 years) with hypertension.</p> <p><strong>Materials and methods. </strong>This study engaged 60 male participants aged 60 to 70 years from diverse regions of Kashmir, India with hypertension. Purposive sampling was used to select individuals who hadn't participated in physical activities for six months. In addition, participants were split into two groups: experimental and control. The study's design and objectives were explained to participants one week before testing. Baseline data was collected a week prior to the 12-week program. The experimental group attended thrice-weekly, 1-hour walking football sessions with 10-minute warm-up, a 45-minute game, and 5 minute cool-down. Assessments were conducted at the end of the 4<sup>th</sup>, 8<sup>th</sup>, and 12<sup>th</sup> weeks. To analyze the data, a 2 (group: experimental, and control) X 4 (time: baseline, 4<sup>th</sup> week, 8<sup>th</sup> week, and 12<sup>th</sup> week) mixed ANOVA was conducted.</p> <p><strong>Results. </strong>During the study, the control group displayed a slight decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) by week 8, which returned to baseline levels by week 12. Conversely, the experimental group demonstrated a consistent decline in systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), as well as resting heart rate (RHR), with a significant decrease observed by week 12. Additionally, basal metabolic rate (BMR) steadily increased in the experimental group over the 12 weeks. On the other hand, the control group exhibited no significant changes in DBP, RHR, or BMR throughout the duration of the training program.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions. </strong>Walking football proves beneficial for hypertension, highlighting its public health potential. Research advocates its integration into interventions for community well-being.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Ahsan Ul Haq Mir, Sandhya Tiwari, Sandeep Tiwarihttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2547Analyzing the Nutritional Awareness, Dietary Practices, Attitudes, and Performance of U-17 Football Players in Ethiopia2024-02-29T21:35:17+02:00Abdi Gudeta Tayeabdigudeta48@gmail.comDessalegn Wase Moladessalegn.wasie@gmail.comMd. Hamidur Rahmanhamid.pess.just@gmail.com<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Background. </strong>Adequate nutrition knowledge is crucial for developing proper eating habits, especially among athletes, as it has a significant impact on sports performance. This underscores the consensus in sports nutrition education among professionals working with athletes.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study purpose. </strong>The study aimed to assess the nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices of under-17 football club players in Ethiopia.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods. </strong>A descriptive survey research method was used, and standardized questionnaires were randomly distributed to 26 footballers to assess participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and dietary practices regarding nutrition. Data were analyzed using the t-test, Pearson coefficient, and one-way ANOVA (p <0.05). Reliability analysis showed a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.83 for the scales measuring attitudes towards eating habits and nutrition knowledge (0.79 and 0.78, respectively).</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>. </strong>No statistically significant differences <em>(p</em> >0.5) were observed in the data related to eating habits, age, or nutritional understanding. Significant variations in educational backgrounds were noted (<em>p</em> <0.05). Although gender and source were not recognized as correlates of nutritional knowledge, but age and education were.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions. </strong>In summary, the study revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in nutrition knowledge scores for age, education, and source of information. However, a significant difference (p<0.05) was found between male and female athletes. Gender correlated with dietary habits, while age, education, and source of information did not. The key factor is to encourage ongoing future vision within sports organizations, nutritionists, and educational institutions to continuously refine and enhance nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and practice programs for U-17 players. It is also important to ensure sustainable relevance and effectiveness in the evolving landscape of sports and nutrition.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Abdi Gudeta Taye, Dessalegn Wase Mola, Md. Hamidur Rahmanhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2545Physical Activity Training Methods to Improve the Physical Condition of Volleyball Players: A Systematic Review2024-02-29T21:35:21+02:00Gatot Jarionogj969@ums.ac.idNurhidayatnur574@ums.ac.idPungki Indartopi311@ums.ac.idVera Septi Sistiasihvss538@ums.ac.idHaris Nugrohoharisnugroho@staff.uns.ac.idUzizatun Maslikahuzizatunmaslikah@unj.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study purpose.</strong> The study was aimed to identify exercise techniques used to improve the physical condition of volleyball players through literature studies.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods</strong><strong>. </strong>A systematic review of these previous studies was conducted. We studied articles published between 2014 and 2023 that explained how to prepare volleyball players to have better physical condition. Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and PubMed were used for the electronic search. We collected all the articles that discussed how to improve physical performance through exercise.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>. </strong>To improve the physical condition of volleyball players, 50 publications used exercise techniques, which were categorized based on the physical condition that was evaluated and repaired. The following techniques are some of the ones that can be used: Neuromuscular, unilateral and bilateral, ballistic, plyometric exercises, combined weight and plyometric, mixed training with optimal load, COD & plyometric complex, strength, combined strength, eccentric trainings, repetitive sprint, resistant/non-resistant sprint, resistance training, exercises with elastic band, core training, combined core training; small-sided games training, aerobic interval training, blood flow restriction, intermittent training, and anaerobic speed endurance.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions</strong><strong>. </strong>Following a thorough analysis, a number of training regimens were found to be effective in enhancing volleyball players’ physical attributes, including muscular strength, aerobic and anaerobic endurance, speed and acceleration, explosive power, flexibility, agility, and balance.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Gatot Jariono, Nurhidayat, Pungki Indarto, Vera Septi Sistiasih, Haris Nugroho, Uzizatun Maslikahhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2490Using a Biomechanical Analysis Approach to the Accuracy of Shooting Throws in Petanque Sport: Literature Review2024-02-29T21:36:10+02:00Boby Helmisibobhelmi@students.unnes.ac.idTaufiq Hidayahtaufiqhidayah@mail.unnes.ac.idHarry Pramonohpr4mono@mail.unnes.ac.idMugiyo Hartonomugiyohatono@mail.unnes.ac.idTatang Iskandartatang@unismabekasi.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study Purpose.</strong> The purpose of this study was to determine how biomechanical analysis can be used in petanque shooting techniques.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> This review study followed the PRISMA standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Studies had to be published within the previous five years, from January 2019 to July 2023. (1) shooting petanque; (2) biomechanical analysis were the keywords used in the search process. Scopus and the Science and Technology Index (SINTA) were used for study.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Result</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>.</strong> This review consists of nine studies. In five research articles, motion analysis was considered, which resulted in a discussion of the direction and angle of petanque throw biomechanics. Four research articles deal with the analysis of petanque shooting accuracy, leading to a discussion of angle, direction, arc, and focus.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Biomechanical analysis helps to understand intensity, speed, and posture for better bidding, improved performance, and reduced risk of injury, while increasing speed and efficiency, preventing muscle imbalances, and achieving better technical positions in shooting petanque sports.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Бобі Хельмі, Тауфік Хідая, Гаррі Прамоно, Мугійо Хартоно, Татан Іскандарhttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2532Brain Neuromodulation Effects on Sport and Nutrition: A Narrative Review2024-02-29T21:35:40+02:00Pierpaolo Limonepierpaolo.limone@unipegaso.itFiorenzo Moscatellifiorenzo.moscatelli@unipegaso.itAlessia Scarincialessia.scrinci@unimercatorum.itMarco Carotenutomarco.carotenuto@unicampania.itAntonietta Messinaantonietta.messina@unicampania.itMarcellino Mondamarcellino.onda@unicampania.itAnna Dipaceanna.dipace@unipegaso.itMarco La Marramarco.lamarra@unicampania.itInes Villanoines.villano@unipegaso.itPaola Bassipaola.bassi@unicampania.itRita Politorita.polito@unifg.itGiovanni Messinagiovanni.messina@unicampania.it<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>purpose</strong><strong>.</strong> At the end of the twentieth century, the development of highly reliable and painless non-invasive transcranial brain stimulation techniques and devices has aroused great scientific and clinical interest in numerous fields. In neuroscience, since the introduction of innovative and non-invasive devices such as the brain stimulator, the investigation of cortical processes and their neural basis has played a fundamental role.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;">Furthermore, neuroscientists are attracted to therapeutic applications for the treatment of food craving. This narrative review is aimed to explain the growing and constant interest of neuroscientific experimentation in the field of non-invasive transcranial stimulation.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Material and methods</strong><strong>.</strong> After an introduction explaining the historical evolution of NIBS, we will try to provide an overview of the two stimulation techniques (TMS and tDCS); we will describe the different types of stimulation that can be performed using these techniques, the excitatory/inhibitory effects, and the various mechanisms of action at the level of brain activity.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results</strong><strong>.</strong> We will also provide some elucidations regarding the implications of the facilitative/inhibitory effects, and how these stimulation methods can be used to advance knowledge of the neurofunctional organization of the brain.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The results of the study showed the effect of brain neuromodulation on sports and nutrition.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Pierpaolo Limone, Fiorenzo Moscatelli, Alessia Scarinci, Marco Carotenuto, Antonietta Messina, Marcellino Monda, Anna Dipace, Marco La Marra, Ines Villano, Paola Bassi, Rita Polito, Giovanni Messinahttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2491School Strategies on Improving Students’ Physical Activity Engagement During COVID-19 Pandemic Period: A Thematic Review2024-02-29T21:36:07+02:00Victor Fello PioresrunnersHigh13@yahoo.comRoxana Dev Omar Devrdod@upm.edu.myMohd Mokhtar Muhamadmk_mokhtar@upm.edu.myDharatun Nissa Binti Puad Mohd Karinissa@upm.edu.my<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> Physical inactivity among school students was an existing health issue over the past decade. This became more alarming when the world was hit by the COVID–19 pandemic. Movement restriction that results temporary school closure significantly affect students’ physical activity participation. Therefore, strategies and practices to improve active play engagement as well as to counteract its negative health-related effects on students were widely implemented by teachers and administrators in school upon its re-opening. Numerous articles have been published on the effectiveness of school-based interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is still a lack of a review paper that deals with the identification of patterns and trends about school practices in this area. Hence, this paper intends to generate impressions and identify concepts within the published articles during 2021 to 2023.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> Selected articles for this study were collected from the following databases: SCOPUS, Sage, ProQuest, Academic Search complete, Science Direct. Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis (ATLAS ti. 23) guided the comprehensiveness of this review. Study findings were generated and presented through quantitative and qualitative lenses.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> Four central themes were identified: 1) Alternative Physical Education – modifying traditional physical education subject; 2) Physical literacy focus – approach anchored to multi-dimensional foundation in physical activity engagement 3) Web-based intervention – virtual and cyberspace approach and 4) Needs–based intervention – focusing on integration of participants’ attributes and specifically designed program.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions.</strong><span style="font-weight: 400;"> The structure of strategies conducted by schools were greatly affected by the current community health status. Findings of this study will serve as a reference for designing future intervention approach</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to address the sedentary lifestyles of young populations </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">associated </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">to specific community health and other related issues.</span></p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Victor Fello Piores, Roxana Dev Omar Dev, Mohd Mokhtar Muhamad, Dharatun Nissa Binti Puad Mohd Karihttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2492Phytochemical Compounds in Sea Cucumber Have the Potential to Reduce Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Due to Exercise: Systematic Review2024-02-29T21:36:05+02:00Novadri Ayubinovadriayubi@unesa.ac.idDyah Fitria Padmasaridyahpadmasari81@gmail.comAnton Komainiantonkomaini@fik.unp.ac.idAtika Syafawiatikasyafawi@gmail.comMuchamad Arif Al Ardhamuchamadalardha@unesa.ac.idProcopio B. Dafun Jr.pbdafun@mmsu.edu.phJiang Wen Mingwenmingjiang975@gmail.comHeru Syarli LesmanaHeru.Lesmana@student.uibk.ac.idDhea Regita Sastika Putrisastikaputri@gmail.com<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>S</strong><strong>tudy purpose.</strong> This study aims to analyze and highlight the potential of Sea Cucumber in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation caused by exercise.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> The study is a type of systematic review research using searches from various journal databases such as Science Direct, Pubmed and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria in this study were journals published in the last 5 years which discussed sea cucumber, oxidative stress, inflammation and exercise. Furthermore, the exclusion criteria in this research are journals that are not reputable or are not indexed by Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 1038 articles from the Science Direct, Pubmed and Web of Science databases were identified. A total of 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> The results of this systematic review research report that the strong phenolic content found in Sea Cucumber has anti-oxidant properties which may reduce oxidative stress. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory properties of sea cucumbers have the potential to reduce uncontrolled inflammation caused by intense exercise.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The phenolic content in sea cucumbers has strong anti-oxidant properties in reducing oxidative stress. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of sea cucumbers may reduce uncontrolled inflammation caused by exercise. In this case, sea cucumbers have an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Through this systematic review, we recommend that future studies should perform clinical trials on the potential effects of sea cucumber on oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory biomarkers after exercise.</p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Novadri Ayubi, Dyah Fitria Padmasari, Anton Komaini, Atika Syafawi, Muchamad Arif Al Ardha, Procopio B. Dafun Jr., Jiang Wen Ming, Heru Syarli Lesmana, Dhea Regita Sastika Putrihttps://tmfv.com.ua/journal/article/view/2528Potential of Polyphenolic Compounds in Rosella Flowers on Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation After Exercise: A Systematic Review2024-02-29T21:35:49+02:00Novadri Ayubinovadriayubi@unesa.ac.idDyah Fitria Padmasaridyahpadmasari81@gmail.comAtika Syafawiatikasyafawi@gmail.comDeby Tri Mariodebytrimario@unp.ac.idJiang Wen Mingwenmingjiang975@gmail.comMohammed Aljunaidmohammed.aljunaid90@gmail.comNuridin Widya Pranotonuridin@fik.unp.ac.idAnton Komainiantonkomaini@fik.unp.ac.id<p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Study </strong><strong>p</strong><strong>urpose.</strong> This study aims to analyze and highlight the potential of rosella flowers in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation after physical activity.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> The study used a systematic review method by searching various journal databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed and Embase. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles published in the last 5 years and articles discussing Rosella Flowers, Oxidative Stress, Free Radicals, Inflammation, and Exercise. The exclusion criteria in this research were articles published in disreputable journals. A total of 357 articles from the Scopus, Web of Science Pubmed and Embase databases were identified. A total of 8 articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected and analyzed for this systematic review. For standard operations, this study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) assessment.</p> <p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Results.</strong> The results of this systematic review research report that the flavonoid content found in rosella flowers has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which have the potential to reduce oxidative stress and uncontrolled inflammation caused by physical activity and intense exercise.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions.</strong><span style="font-weight: 400;"> Rosella flowers show their ability as an anti-oxidative by donating hydrogen atoms</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> to free radicals through phenolic compounds, thus breaking the cycle of ROS formation.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> The natural active ingredients in rosella flowers are able to reduce MDA and increase GSH which contributes to reducing oxidative stress and decreasing TNF-α which provides an anti-inflammatory effect in athletes after exercise.</span></p>2024-02-29T00:00:00+02:00Copyright (c) 2024 Novadri Ayubi, Dyah Fitria Padmasari, Atika Syafawi, Deby Tri Mario, Jiang Wen Ming, Mohammed Aljunaid, Nuridin Widya Pranoto, Anton Komaini